电熔镁炉熔炼过程的建模.doc

电熔镁炉熔炼过程的建模

摘  要

节能减排是现代工业的发展趋势，提高能量的利用率符合人类发展的长远利益。然而，限于当前的技术条件，一些必不可少的工业过程却是高污染高能耗的，这样迫使人们不得不对这些工业过程进行研究和改造。

电熔镁砂是一种耐高温，结构致密的高级耐火材料，被广泛地应用于冶金航天工业等诸多领域，是国民经济的重要材料。本课题研究的背景是电熔镁砂的生产过程。三相交流电熔镁炉是生产电熔镁砂的重要工具。它属于矿热电弧炉的一种，通过炉料电阻和电弧产生的热能来对菱镁矿粉或轻烧镁粉进行加热，这是一个高耗能的生产过程。此外，该过程又有着时变，多变量，强耦合等特点。

针对这些问题，本文进行了如下几个方面的研究：

（1）研究了正常工况下炉内的物理化学变化过程，对电熔镁炉物料批次间热量传递的原理进行了深入的分析； 

（2）根据热学原理和实际现场情况，建立了电熔镁炉熔炼过程的能量模型。通过热量传递计算得出了节能的电流设定方案，并计算了相应的能耗；

（3）采用偏最小二乘方法和迭代学习控制算法，加入了约束条件，利用粒子群优化算法对目标设定值进行跟踪，仿真结果说明了算法的有效性。

    关键词：节能；电熔镁炉；偏最小二乘法；迭代学习控制

Modeling of Electrical Smelting Furnace for Magnesia Smelting Process

Abstract

Energy conservation is one of the trends of modern industrial development. Improving energy efficiency accords with the long-term interests of human development. However, limited to the current technical conditions, a number of industrial processes are essential to high pollution and high energy consumption, forcing people to study and improve the industrial processes.

Electrical-smelted magnesia is a sort of sophisticated fireproof material which has the properties of high temperature resistibility and dense structure. It is an important material. The objective of this research is the production of electrical-smelted magnesia. It is widely used in metallurgy and aerospace industry and other fields. The three-phase AC electrical smelting furnace for magnesia (ESFM) is an important equipment for producing the electrical-smelted magnesia. It belongs to a kind of mine hot electric arc furnace. The magnesite powder and light-burning magnesium powder are heated by the furnace charge resistance and the electrodes arc, this is a high energy consumption process. In addition, the process has features such as time-varying, multivariable, strong coupling.

Facing the problems, researches include the following related parts in this thesis:

(1) The physical and chemical changes of furnace in normal operating conditions are researched. And the principle of heat transfer between material batches in ESFM is analyzed deeply in this thesis;

(2) According to thermal principle and the actual site conditions, a current set approach is proposed through heat transfer calculating, which can conserve the energy. And the value of the consuming energy can be gottern;

(3) Combining PLS and iterative learning control (ILC), adding constraints, and then using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to tracke the set-point value. And the simulation results show that the algorithm is effective.

Key words：Energy Conservation; Electrical Smelting Furnace for Magnesia (ESFM); Partial Least Squares; Iterative Learning control

目  录

独创性声明 I

摘  要 II

Abstract III

第1章 绪论 1

1.1课题研究的背景及意义 1

1.2偏最小二乘法简介 2

1.2.1偏最小二乘法的背景和特点 2

1.2.2偏最小二乘法的发展、研究现状以及与控制的结合 3

1.3电熔镁炉的相关情况及控制简介 5

1.3.1电熔镁炉的相关情况 5

1.3.2电熔镁炉的熔炼过程控制 6

1.4本文的主要工作及安排 6

第2章 偏最小二乘法的基本理论 9

2.1数据表的基本知识和数据预处理 9

2.1.1数据表的基本知识 9

2.1.2数据的预处理 10

2.2偏最小二乘法理论 12

2.2.1多元线性回归分析方法 12

2.2.2典型相关分析 14

2.2.3主成分分析法 15

2.2.4偏最小二乘法 17

2.3本章小结 20

第3章电熔镁炉熔炼原理及节能模型 21

3.1电熔镁炉的熔炼原理和控制系统 21

3.1.1原料的性质及化学物理变化 21

3.1.2电熔镁炉结构和工作原理 23

3.1.3电熔镁炉的控制系统及存在的问题 26

3.2电熔镁炉节能模型的建立 28

3.2.1相关的物理化学知识 28

3.2.2节能模型的推导 29

3.3电流设定值及结论 40

3.4本章小结 42

第4章  PLS回归建模及仿真实验 43

4.1PLS回归模型的建立 43

4.2 ILC算法简介 45

4.3PLS-ILC算法 48

4.4仿真实验 50

4.4.1PLS回归建模的仿真实验 50

4.4.2PLS-ILC算法的仿真实验 53

4.5本章小结 54

第5章 结论与展望 55

5.1结论 55

5.2展望 55

参考文献 57

致  谢 61