电子系统故障自修复研究.doc

摘要

目前，电子系统正朝着结构复杂化、高度集成化发展，仪器设备的控制部分通常包含复杂的电子系统，越来越多的电子设备在航空、卫星等高科技中得到广泛应用，而电子系统极易受到电磁环境的干扰，在恶劣的电磁环境下损坏．因此，电子系统故障自修复的研究对现代科技的发展具有重要的意义．

本文首先简要回顾了自修复研究的发展过程及研究现状，介绍了电子系统的特点和分类，分析了电子系统故障原因和过程．阐述了FPGA及其应用发展，在此基础上，文章介绍了基于FPGA动态可重构技术的原理和应用，同时展望了FPGA动态可重构技术的发展前景，基于FPGA的重构系统具有自适应、自主修复特性，在空间应用中具有非常重要的作用．然后重点介绍了演化硬件的原理及应用．演化硬件通过演化的方式实现电路功能，可看作是演化算法和可编程逻辑器件的有机结合，演化硬件通过演化算法可实现自身结构重构，使系统具有自适应性、自组织、自修复特性．基于演化硬件这些特性，总结了两种自修复的方法：电子系统局部自修复方法和非线性自修复控制方法，并展望了电子系统故障自修复技术的应用前景．

关键词：电子系统，FPGA，可重构技术，演化硬件，自修复

Abstract

At present, electronic system is developing toward the complication of structure, highly integrated. Equipment control section usually contain complex electronic systems, more and more electronic equipment is widely used in aviation, satellite and other high-tech, and electronic systems are highly susceptible to the interference of electromagnetic environment, and damaged in bad electromagnetic environment.  Therefore, the research on self-healing of electronic system fault has the vital significance to the development of modern science and technology.

This paper first briefly reviews the development of the self-healing research process and the latest progress in the area, and introduces the characteristics and classification of electronic system, and electronic system failure cause and process were analyzed. FPGA is expounded in detail, and on this basis, the paper introduces the theory and application of FPGA dynamic reconfiguration technology, at the same time, prospects the development prospect of dynamic reconfigurable FPGA technology. Reconfiguration system based on FPGA is self-adaptive and self-repairing, and plays an important role in space applications. The taxonomy for FPGA reconfiguration and dynamic reconfiguration technology is introduced in this paper. Then discuss the principle of evolvable hardware and applications. EHW realizes the function of circuit by means of evolution. EHW can be viewed as the combination between evolutionary algorithm and programmable logic device. EHW can realize self-reconfiguration through evolutionary algorithm to enable the system to be adaptive, self-organizing and self-repairing. Based on the characteristics, Summarizes two ways of self-healing, one is analysis and simulation of self-repaired control method, and the other is the method of electronic system part self-repairing, and propose the development prospects of electronic system self-repairing technology as well.

Keywords：electronic system, FPGA, reconfiguration technology, EHW, self-repairing

 目录

1  绪论 1

1.1  电子系统故障自修复的发展史 1

1.2  电子系统故障自修复的研究意义及现状 2

2  电子系统故障自修复的基础理论 3

2.1  电子系统的基本理论 3

2.1.1  概述 3

2.1.2  电子系统的应用特点及分类 4

2.2  电子系统故障原因分析 5

2.3  FPGA的介绍 5

2.3.1  FPGA的功能特性 5

2.3.2  FPGA的应用及研究现状 6

2.4  可重构技术研究 6

2.4.1  可重构技术概述 6

2.4.2  基于FPGA的局部动态可重构技术 8

2.5  演化硬件 10

2.5.1  演化硬件的原理分析 10

2.5.2  演化硬件的应用实例及研究现状 12

3  电子系统故障自修复原理及方法分析 14

3.1  电子系统故障自修复原理 14

3.2  电子系统局部自修复研究 15

3.2.1  胚胎电子系统 15

3.2.2  局部“自修复”电子系统体系结构 15

3.2.3  FPGA内部构建及“自修复”方法 16

3.3  非线性自修复控制方法及研究 17

3.3.1  非线性自修复控制方法 18

3.3.2  一种模型参考自修复控制方法 18

4  结论和展望 19

4.1  结论 19

4.2  展望 19

参考文献 21

致  谢 23