从亚文化角度分析美国俚语特征.rar

从亚文化角度分析美国俚语特征



摘  要

俚语是一种在非正式场合下使用非常广泛的口语形式。它来源于美国社会的各亚文化群体，包括黑社会、流氓团伙、无业游民、同性恋者、吸毒者、妓女、赌徒囚犯,所以美国俚语都带着亚文化群体的烙印。本文根据美国社会各亚文化群体所使用的语言特征来分析整个美国的俚语特征。美国各亚文化群体丰富了美国俚语词汇，因此美国俚语词汇也保留了各亚文化群体特征。通过比较和分析，美国俚语作为美国英语重要的组成部分，具有立意新奇、幽默生动、富有形象性、易于表达情感、言简意赅等特征。

关键词：亚文化；美国俚语；俚语特征

I

Abstract

   Slang, as a highly colloquial form, is widely used in informal occasion. American slang originates from the subculture groups, including jobless vagrants, soldiers, sailors, detective, criminals and etc. Therefore, American slang is characterized by subculture groups. This paper tries to analyze the features of American slang from sub-cultural perspective. American sub-cultural groups have developed, enlarged and enriched American slang vocabulary. As a result, American slang terms are left with distinct sub-cultural features. By comparing and analyzing, as an important part of American English, slang terms are characterized by its creativeness, humor, irony, expressiveness, liveliness, brevity and obscurity.

Key words: subculture groups; American slang; features

II

CONTENTS

摘要 I 

Abstract II

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

Chapter 2 American Slang and American Subculture 4

2.1 American Slang as an Insight into American Culture 4

2.2 The Relationship Between English Slang and Standard English 6

2.3 The Relationship Between Slang and Subculture Groups 8

Chapter 3 Subculture Groups’ Slang and Their Features 10

3.1 College Slang and Its Features 10

3.2 Criminal Slang and Its Features 13

3.3 Political Slang and Its Features 15

3.4 Homosexual Slang and Its Features 17

Chapter 4 Features of American Slang 19

4.1 Brevity and Liveliness 19

4.2 Novelty and Fashion 19

4.3 Humor and Irony 20

Chapter 5 Conclusion 22

Bibliography 24

Acknowledgements 25