25mw双抽调节式汽轮机热力设计.rar

设计总说明

25MW双抽调节机组是工业企业自备电厂和热电厂的主要机型，同单纯背压式和凝汽式汽轮机相比其设计过程要复杂的多，因而其热力系统及结构设计水平对于电厂的经济性、安全性具有重要意义。

本设计的总体思路是对25MW双抽调整式工业汽轮机进行原则性热力系统计算以及设计其通流部分，根据原则性计算的结果，对汽轮机的基本尺寸进行计算，再根据基本尺寸做出汽轮机通流部分的结构图。

其中原则性热力计算包括汽水平衡、加热器热循环、回热系数等参数的计算。除此之外，还要确定辅助系统的选型，如主蒸汽系统、旁路系统、回热系统、给水系统、除氧系统、主凝结水系统、补水系统、锅炉排污系统、供热系统、厂内循环水系统等。

该设计的另一项工作是，根据已知数据以及工业设计标准，计算调节级与压力级的焓降分配，估算汽轮机通流部分的基本尺寸，确定汽轮机的流通部分的结构，校核其整机效率，设计符合工业生产的双抽机组，并绘制了详细的热力过程线及通流部分结构图。

    关键词：双抽，工业汽轮机，热力系统，

 General Introduction of the Design

   25 MW dual-extraction turbine mainly services in self-provided power plant of industrial enterprise. Compared with pure back pressure turbine and pure condensing turbine , its design process is more complicated . Thus its thermodynamic system and structure design is greatly significant for the power plant both in economy and safety.

   It is a design for 25MW industrial dual-extraction steam turbine .The general idea   focus on the calculation of thermal circulation, as well as the design of the flow path sections according to the result of the calculation above. The size of the turbine also needs to be calculated, and it decides the structure chart of the turbine flow path . 

   The thermodynamic calculation includes the balance of stream, thermal cycling of heaters, heat recovery rate, and so on. In addition, it’s important to determine the auxiliary system, such as main steam system, bypass systems, heat recovery systems, feedwater systems, deaerator systems, the main condensation system ,water replenishing, boiler blowdown systems, heat supply systems , plant circulating water system and so on .

   Another work of the design is the calculation for the enthalpy drop allocation of  governing stage and the pressure stages base on the given data and industrial design standards. It's necessary to estimate the basic size of the turbine, and then determine the structure of the flow path section. Finish the job after verification of its overall efficiency. Make it a qualified dual-extraction unit for industry. In the end, draw a detailed thermodynamics process chart and a structure chart of flow path section .

    Key words: dual-extraction,  industrial steam turbine,  thermal circulation

目录

1  绪论 1

2  全面性热力系统的设计 2

2.1 原则性热力系统的设计 2

2.1.1  整理原始数据 2

2.1.2  计算回热抽汽系数和凝气系数 3

2.1.3  新汽量D0计算及功率校核 6

2.2 辅助系统的选定 8

2.2.1  主蒸汽以再热系统的选定 9

2.2.2  回热加热系统（回热抽汽及疏水）的选定 9

2.2.3  给水系统的选定 11

2.2.4  除氧系统的选定 12

2.2.5  补给水系统的选定 13

2.2.6  锅炉排污系统的选定 14

2.2.7  供热系统的选定 15

2.2.8  厂内水循环系统的选定 15

2.2.9  旁路系统的选定 17

3  汽轮机通流部分的设计 18

3.1 主要参数 18

3.2 双抽基本参数分段计算 18

3.2.1各段实际比焓降的计算 19

3.2.2各段进汽量和总功率的计算 20

3.3 调节级的详细热力计算 22

3.4 第一压力级的详细热力计算 28

3.6 热力计算数据汇总 34

3.5 整机相对内效率核算及修正 44

结论 44

参考文献 45

致谢 47