危险品运输风险评估,核生化事故外文翻译.doc
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危险品运输风险评估,核生化事故外文翻译
英文+中文
中文翻译：6400字
HAZAN方法在危险品运输风险评估中的应用
Chemical Engineering Department，Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology， Surat 395007，Gujarat，India.
摘要：被Kletz作为概念化并提出，作为一例总是希望试图保护或管理它来避免危险。然而，可能有一定的危险物可能不能被完全消除，因而应进行分析，并以任一减少发生的概率或限制的后果的严重性评定。特雷弗对HAZOP和危害分析（HAZAN）过程危害的方法是相当简单的，其中危害被认为是一个点源不像危险品运输是危险的移动源。作者采用的HAZAN技术，有害物质的三种不同的联合国的类别（危险品），通过苏拉特地区在印度西部重要的工业走廊，帮助地方当局不仅决定了最小风险路径来规范危险品运输的运输风险评估，而且准备了一个有效的疏散和应急响应策略。
关键词：核生化事故；风险；BLEVE；风险断面；社会风险
英文原文：27000字符
Applying HAZAN methodology to hazmat transportation risk assessment
Uday Kumar Chakrabarti， Jigisha K. Parikh∗
Chemical Engineering Department， Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology， Surat 395007， Gujarat， India
a b s t r a c t
As conceptualized and put forward by Kletz， avoiding hazard at first instance is always desirable than trying to protect or manage it. However， there could be certain hazards which may not be possible to be totally eliminated and thus shall be analyzed and assessed in order to either reduce the probability of occurrence or limit the severity of consequences. Trevor’s methodologies on HAZOP and hazard analysis (HAZAN) for process hazards are quite straightforward where the hazard is considered as a point source unlike hazmat transportation which is a moving source of hazard. The authors applied the HAZAN techniques to the transportation risk assessment of three different United Nations classes of hazardous materials (hazmats) through important industrial corridors of Surat district in western India that helped local authorities not only to decide on the minimum risk routes to regulate hazmat traffic but also to prepare an effective evacuation and emergency response strategies.
© 2012 The Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Hazmat； Risk； BLEVE； Risk transect； Societal risk
Introduction
It always pays to avoid a hazard rather than protecting it (Kletz， 1984). It is also recognized that although inherently safer design is desired， some hazards cannot be totally eliminated (Kletz， 1992； Heikkilä， 1999). Thus it is essential to identify and assess the hazards so as to design the layers of protection around them. Once hazards are identified in order to analyze and assess those hazards， a hazard analysis should be carried out to estimate the probabilities and consequences of the identified hazards posed by toxic， reactive， explosive or flammable substances in the installation before recommending the steps needed to bring the risk to a level which is as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP) (Kletz， 1999). The consequences of any incident to be studied should be not only for workers， but also for the people living outside the installation and the environment. The mitigation measures would be directed either to reduce the probability of incident occurrences or to limit its consequences. The hazard analysis could be semi-quantitative (using hazard ranking matrices) or a quantitative one like quantitative risk assessment (QRA).
英文+中文
中文翻译：6400字
HAZAN方法在危险品运输风险评估中的应用
Chemical Engineering Department，Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology， Surat 395007，Gujarat，India.
摘要：被Kletz作为概念化并提出，作为一例总是希望试图保护或管理它来避免危险。然而，可能有一定的危险物可能不能被完全消除，因而应进行分析，并以任一减少发生的概率或限制的后果的严重性评定。特雷弗对HAZOP和危害分析（HAZAN）过程危害的方法是相当简单的，其中危害被认为是一个点源不像危险品运输是危险的移动源。作者采用的HAZAN技术，有害物质的三种不同的联合国的类别（危险品），通过苏拉特地区在印度西部重要的工业走廊，帮助地方当局不仅决定了最小风险路径来规范危险品运输的运输风险评估，而且准备了一个有效的疏散和应急响应策略。
关键词：核生化事故；风险；BLEVE；风险断面；社会风险
英文原文：27000字符
Applying HAZAN methodology to hazmat transportation risk assessment
Uday Kumar Chakrabarti， Jigisha K. Parikh∗
Chemical Engineering Department， Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology， Surat 395007， Gujarat， India
a b s t r a c t
As conceptualized and put forward by Kletz， avoiding hazard at first instance is always desirable than trying to protect or manage it. However， there could be certain hazards which may not be possible to be totally eliminated and thus shall be analyzed and assessed in order to either reduce the probability of occurrence or limit the severity of consequences. Trevor’s methodologies on HAZOP and hazard analysis (HAZAN) for process hazards are quite straightforward where the hazard is considered as a point source unlike hazmat transportation which is a moving source of hazard. The authors applied the HAZAN techniques to the transportation risk assessment of three different United Nations classes of hazardous materials (hazmats) through important industrial corridors of Surat district in western India that helped local authorities not only to decide on the minimum risk routes to regulate hazmat traffic but also to prepare an effective evacuation and emergency response strategies.
© 2012 The Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Hazmat； Risk； BLEVE； Risk transect； Societal risk
Introduction
It always pays to avoid a hazard rather than protecting it (Kletz， 1984). It is also recognized that although inherently safer design is desired， some hazards cannot be totally eliminated (Kletz， 1992； Heikkilä， 1999). Thus it is essential to identify and assess the hazards so as to design the layers of protection around them. Once hazards are identified in order to analyze and assess those hazards， a hazard analysis should be carried out to estimate the probabilities and consequences of the identified hazards posed by toxic， reactive， explosive or flammable substances in the installation before recommending the steps needed to bring the risk to a level which is as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP) (Kletz， 1999). The consequences of any incident to be studied should be not only for workers， but also for the people living outside the installation and the environment. The mitigation measures would be directed either to reduce the probability of incident occurrences or to limit its consequences. The hazard analysis could be semi-quantitative (using hazard ranking matrices) or a quantitative one like quantitative risk assessment (QRA).
