英汉情感隐喻比较研究.doc

英汉情感隐喻比较研究

摘    要

隐喻研究源远流长，传统上的隐喻研究，只是把隐喻看做一种修辞方式，但是，现在的隐喻研究已经突破了修辞研究的层面，进入到认知层面，将隐喻也看做是一个认知和概念化的工具。隐喻在认知功能的发挥上起着重要的作用。概念隐喻，作为认知语言学的一个重要概念，是指作用于人的思维深层次的隐喻模式，其根植于人类的身体体验和我们赖以生存的物质世界。每个概念隐喻都支配着一系列的隐喻表达。概念隐喻可分为三大类型：结构隐喻，方位隐喻和实体隐喻。情感，作为最重要的人类体验之一，一直是认知语言学家们研究的重点课题。抽象的情感一般以概念化的隐喻表现出来。中文和英文在情感表达上有很多共性，同时，由于不同的文化模式和生活环境，也存在诸多差异。本篇论文旨在强调并且发展当代认知手法对隐喻的研究，抽象的情感大部分都是通过隐喻形成并理解的。并且，这项中英情感隐喻的对比研究，也一定会对跨文化交际和进行地道翻译产生积极的影响。

关键词：隐喻  概念隐喻  身体体验  情感

A Comparative Study of Emotion Metaphors between English and Chinese

Abstract

Metaphor is traditionally viewed as a particular rhetoric device, however, people nowadays 

not only study it as a rhetoric means but also as a perceptual and conceptualizing tool. It plays important cognitive functions. Conceptual metaphor refers to something internal, operating deep in human thought. Each conceptual metaphor heads and governs a system of linguistic metaphors. Conceptual metaphors can be classified into three main types, namely, structural metaphors, orientational metaphors and ontological metaphors. Emotions, as one of the most important aspect of human experience, have been among the focus of cognitive linguistics. Emotions are conceptualized and expressed in metaphorical terms. The research discovers that Chinese and English share many main conceptual metaphors. Meanwhile there still are great differences due to the different culture modes and living environments, etc. This paper mainly reinforces and develops some theories of the contemporary cognitive approach to metaphor: Abstract concepts are largely formed and comprehended via metaphor; and conceptual metaphor, at least emotion metaphor, is characterized by cognitive universality and cultural relativity. In addition, this research will, to a certain extent, be helpful in cross-culture communication and idiomatic translation.

Keywords: metaphor  conceptual metaphor  bodily experience  emotions

Contents

1 Introduction 1

2 Cognitive Linguistic Approach to Metaphor 2

2.1 The definition of metaphor 2

2.2 The classification of metaphors 3

2.2.1 Structural metaphor 3

2.2.2 Orientational metaphor 3

2.2.3 Ontological metaphors 4

3 A comparative study of English and Chinese emotion metaphors 5

3.1 The similarities and differences of Happiness metaphors Between English and Chinese 5

3.1.1The major similarities of Happiness Metaphors 5

3.1.2 The major differences of Happiness Metaphor between English and Chinese 7

3.2 The similarities and differences Between English and Chinese 9

3.2.1 The major similarities of Anger Metaphors 9

3.2.2 The major differences of Anger Metaphors between English and Chinese 10

3.3 The major similarities of Sadness Metaphors between English and Chinese 11

3.3.1 The major similarities of Sadness Metaphors 11

3.3.2The major differences of Sadness Metaphor between English and Chinese 13

3.4 The similarities and differences of Fear Metaphors between English and Chinese 14

3.4.1 The major similarities of Fear Metaphors 14

3.4.2 The major differences of fear metaphor between English and Chinese 15

4 Conclusions 16

Bibliography 18

Acknowledgements 19