高速列车进入隧道产生的微压波及其控制研究.doc
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高速列车进入隧道产生的微压波及其控制研究,24页共计7582字摘要高速列车进入隧道产生的压缩波传播到遂道出口时，会向出口外辐射一低频脉冲波，这种脉冲波产生的爆炸声可达140~150db甚至更高的声压级，对周边环境造成严重危害，这种低频脉冲波被称为“微气压波”。本文以声波方程为基础，根据无扰动边界假设，对高速列车在隧道内产生的压缩波进行计算，根据理论结果作了数值...
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24页共计7582字
摘要
高速列车进入隧道产生的压缩波传播到遂道出口时，会向出口外辐射一低频脉冲波，这种脉冲波产生的爆炸声可达140~150dB甚至更高的声压级，对周边环境造成严重危害，这种低频脉冲波被称为“微气压波”。本文以声波方程为基础，根据无扰动边界假设，对高速列车在隧道内产生的压缩波进行计算，根据理论结果作了数值模拟，通过与文献中理论和数值模拟结果的对比，显示出了很好的一致性。在此基础上，根据微气压波与压缩波的梯度成正比的性质，提出两种有源控制方法，并对间接控制方法作了理论分析和数值模拟，结果显示了有源控制的可行性和高效性。对于直接控制方法，提出了控制要点和实现方法。最后设计了微压波产生、观测和有源控制实验。
目录
摘要 i
Abstract ii
第一章 引言 1
1.1微压波的产生 1
1.2现有理论和研究单位概述 1
1.3现有控制方法概述 3
1.4本文工作内容 4
第二章 理论推导和数值模拟 6
2.1初级声场的计算 6
2.2数值模拟 10
2.3讨论 11
第三章 微压波有源控制 12
3.1有源控制的引入 12
3.2数值模拟 13
3.3实验设计 14
第四章 结束语 17
参考文献 18
致谢 20
关键字：高速列车，微压波
参考文献
[1] C. Shin and W. Park, Numerical study of flow characteristics of the high speed train entering into a tunnel, Mechanics Research Communications 30(4) (2003) 287-296.
[2] 赵宇，高波，张兆杰，隧道压力波的三维数值模拟，路基工程，133 (2007) 12-13。
[3] 李新霞，宋雷鸣，张新华，微气压波的产生机理与防治措施，噪声与振动控制，4 (2006) 70-72。
[4] A. Yamamoto, Pressure variations, aerodynamic drag of train, and natural ventilation in Shinkansen type tunnel, Quarterly Report of RTRI 15(4) (1974) 207–214.
[5] K. Matsuo, T. Aoki, S. Mashimo and E. Nakastu, Entry compression wave generated by a high-speed train entering a tunnel, Proceedings of the 9th Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels. BHR Group Conference Series Publication 27 (1997) 925–934.
[6] W. Woods and C. Pope, Secondary aerodynamic effects in rail tunnels during vehicle entry, Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels, Cambridge (1976) 71–86.
[7] M. Howe, Mach number dependence of the compression wave generated by a high-speed train entering a tunnel, Journal of Sound and Vibration 212(1) (1998) 23-26.
[8] M. Howe, The compression wave produced by a high-speed train entering a tunnel, Proceedings of the Royal Society 524 (1998a) 1523-1534.
[9] M. Howe, The compression wave generated by a high-speed train at a vented tunnel entrance, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 104(3) (1998) 1158-1164.
[10] T. Yoon, S. Lee, J. Hwang and D. Lee, Prediction and validation on the sonic boom by a high-speed train entering a tunnel, Journal of Sound and Vibration 247(2) (2001) 195-211.
[11] S. Ozawa, T. Maeda, T. Matsumura, et al., Countermeasures to reduce micro-pressure waves radiating from exits of Shinkansen tunnels, 7th International Symposium on Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels, Brighton, UK, 1991.
[12] M. Bellenoue, B. Auvity and T. Kageyama, Blind hood effects on the compression wave generated by a train entering a tunnel, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 25(6) (2001) 397-407.
[13] T. Aoki, A. Vardy and J. Brown, Passive alleviation of micro-pressure waves from tunnel portals, Journal of Sound and Vibration 220(5) (1999) 921-940.
[14] J. Lee and J. Kim, Approximate optimization of high-speed train nose shape for reducing micropressure wave, Struct Multidisc Optim 35 (2008) 79–87.
[15] M. Howe, Design of a tunnel-entrance hood with multiple windows and variable cross-section, Journal of Fluids and Structures 17(8) (2003) 1111-1121.
[16] A. Vardy and J. Brown, Influence of ballast on wave steepening in tunnels, Journal of Sound and Vibration 238 (2000) 595-615.
[17] M. Howe, Influence of train Mach number on the compression wave generated in a tunnel-entrance hood, Journal of Engineering Mathematics 46 (2003) 147–163.
[18] N. Sugimoto and T. Ogawa, Acoustic analysis of the pressure field in a tunnel, generated by entry of a train, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A (1998) 454, 2083-2112.
[19] 杜功焕，朱哲民，龚秀芬，声学基础[M]， (2001) 289-293。
[20] R. Raghunathan, H. Kim and T. Setoguchi, Aerodynamics of high-speed railway train, Progress in Aerospace Sciences 38 (2002) 469-514.
[21] P. Ricco, A. Baron and P. Molteni, Nature of pressure waves induced by a high-speed train traveling through a tunnel, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 95(8) (2007) 781-808.
摘要
高速列车进入隧道产生的压缩波传播到遂道出口时，会向出口外辐射一低频脉冲波，这种脉冲波产生的爆炸声可达140~150dB甚至更高的声压级，对周边环境造成严重危害，这种低频脉冲波被称为“微气压波”。本文以声波方程为基础，根据无扰动边界假设，对高速列车在隧道内产生的压缩波进行计算，根据理论结果作了数值模拟，通过与文献中理论和数值模拟结果的对比，显示出了很好的一致性。在此基础上，根据微气压波与压缩波的梯度成正比的性质，提出两种有源控制方法，并对间接控制方法作了理论分析和数值模拟，结果显示了有源控制的可行性和高效性。对于直接控制方法，提出了控制要点和实现方法。最后设计了微压波产生、观测和有源控制实验。
目录
摘要 i
Abstract ii
第一章 引言 1
1.1微压波的产生 1
1.2现有理论和研究单位概述 1
1.3现有控制方法概述 3
1.4本文工作内容 4
第二章 理论推导和数值模拟 6
2.1初级声场的计算 6
2.2数值模拟 10
2.3讨论 11
第三章 微压波有源控制 12
3.1有源控制的引入 12
3.2数值模拟 13
3.3实验设计 14
第四章 结束语 17
参考文献 18
致谢 20
关键字：高速列车，微压波
参考文献
[1] C. Shin and W. Park, Numerical study of flow characteristics of the high speed train entering into a tunnel, Mechanics Research Communications 30(4) (2003) 287-296.
[2] 赵宇，高波，张兆杰，隧道压力波的三维数值模拟，路基工程，133 (2007) 12-13。
[3] 李新霞，宋雷鸣，张新华，微气压波的产生机理与防治措施，噪声与振动控制，4 (2006) 70-72。
[4] A. Yamamoto, Pressure variations, aerodynamic drag of train, and natural ventilation in Shinkansen type tunnel, Quarterly Report of RTRI 15(4) (1974) 207–214.
[5] K. Matsuo, T. Aoki, S. Mashimo and E. Nakastu, Entry compression wave generated by a high-speed train entering a tunnel, Proceedings of the 9th Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels. BHR Group Conference Series Publication 27 (1997) 925–934.
[6] W. Woods and C. Pope, Secondary aerodynamic effects in rail tunnels during vehicle entry, Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels, Cambridge (1976) 71–86.
[7] M. Howe, Mach number dependence of the compression wave generated by a high-speed train entering a tunnel, Journal of Sound and Vibration 212(1) (1998) 23-26.
[8] M. Howe, The compression wave produced by a high-speed train entering a tunnel, Proceedings of the Royal Society 524 (1998a) 1523-1534.
[9] M. Howe, The compression wave generated by a high-speed train at a vented tunnel entrance, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 104(3) (1998) 1158-1164.
[10] T. Yoon, S. Lee, J. Hwang and D. Lee, Prediction and validation on the sonic boom by a high-speed train entering a tunnel, Journal of Sound and Vibration 247(2) (2001) 195-211.
[11] S. Ozawa, T. Maeda, T. Matsumura, et al., Countermeasures to reduce micro-pressure waves radiating from exits of Shinkansen tunnels, 7th International Symposium on Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels, Brighton, UK, 1991.
[12] M. Bellenoue, B. Auvity and T. Kageyama, Blind hood effects on the compression wave generated by a train entering a tunnel, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 25(6) (2001) 397-407.
[13] T. Aoki, A. Vardy and J. Brown, Passive alleviation of micro-pressure waves from tunnel portals, Journal of Sound and Vibration 220(5) (1999) 921-940.
[14] J. Lee and J. Kim, Approximate optimization of high-speed train nose shape for reducing micropressure wave, Struct Multidisc Optim 35 (2008) 79–87.
[15] M. Howe, Design of a tunnel-entrance hood with multiple windows and variable cross-section, Journal of Fluids and Structures 17(8) (2003) 1111-1121.
[16] A. Vardy and J. Brown, Influence of ballast on wave steepening in tunnels, Journal of Sound and Vibration 238 (2000) 595-615.
[17] M. Howe, Influence of train Mach number on the compression wave generated in a tunnel-entrance hood, Journal of Engineering Mathematics 46 (2003) 147–163.
[18] N. Sugimoto and T. Ogawa, Acoustic analysis of the pressure field in a tunnel, generated by entry of a train, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A (1998) 454, 2083-2112.
[19] 杜功焕，朱哲民，龚秀芬，声学基础[M]， (2001) 289-293。
[20] R. Raghunathan, H. Kim and T. Setoguchi, Aerodynamics of high-speed railway train, Progress in Aerospace Sciences 38 (2002) 469-514.
[21] P. Ricco, A. Baron and P. Molteni, Nature of pressure waves induced by a high-speed train traveling through a tunnel, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 95(8) (2007) 781-808.
