果树打孔施肥机机构设计.doc
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果树打孔施肥机机构设计, 自己的毕业设计，原创的，仅在本站独家提交，推荐下载摘 要果树施肥是果树生产中关键作业环节，施肥质量直接影响果树养分的吸收状况，合理施肥能使果树获得良好的生长条件。在果树施肥方面，我国果树施肥机械化水平很低，因此，若能够一次完成挖坑、施肥、覆土工作，不仅工效高，而且能够大大减轻果农的劳动强度，显著...
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果树打孔施肥机机构设计
自己的毕业设计，原创的，仅在本站独家提交，推荐下载
摘 要
果树施肥是果树生产中关键作业环节，施肥质量直接影响果树养分的吸收状况，合理施肥能使果树获得良好的生长条件。在果树施肥方面，我国果树施肥机械化水平很低，因此，若能够一次完成挖坑、施肥、覆土工作，不仅工效高，而且能够大大减轻果农的劳动强度，显著提高果树的产量。
本文通过对国内外现有的施肥作业机的调查，提出作者在此方向的构想。参考现有的机械的外观设计，考虑山地果园的特殊地形，提出自己的一种果园施肥作业机方案。此方案在分析结构与运动理论的基础上，设计出了一台能够一次完成挖坑、施肥、覆土三种功能的果园打孔施肥机。该机器主要由挖坑覆土装置、施肥装置、传动系统、机架等组成。柴油机经过蜗轮蜗杆减速器减速后驱动钻头旋转挖坑，施肥结束后覆土装置将土壤填坑。通过计算结果表明，挖坑直径为50～200mm，深度为300mm内可调，施肥量在100～1000g之间可调，能够满足果树定量施肥要求。
本设计具有以往普通挖坑施肥机不具有的多个优点，不仅完善了其在施肥上的不足，而且实现了农业的高效化，提高了机械的自动化程度，节省了人力资源。这种果园挖坑施肥机也可用于其他园林、田间作物的施肥，一机多用，具有良好的社会效益和经济效益，值得大力推广。
关键词：果树 挖坑覆土装置 定量施肥
A Design Of a Machine for Digging and Quantitative Fertilizing And The Project Of soil
Abstract
Fertifization is the key link in the production operation of Fruit trees,and the quality directly affected the asorption of nutrients.The reasonable application can make fruit trees to get good growth conditions,which influences the yield of fruit trees.In fertilization of fruit trees, fruit trees in China fertilizer mechanization level is very low.Therefore, if we can once finish digging, fertilization, soil, walking to work, not only has the advantages of high efficiency, but also can greatly reduce the labor intensity of farmers, increase fruit yield.
The article through the domestic and foreign existing fertilizer machine survey development,establish the direction of thinking.Reference to the existing mechanical design,considering the special topography in Mountainous Orchard,put forward a orchard fetilization machine scheme.This programme in the analysis of the structure,based on the
kinetic analysis,design one can complete a digging,fetilization,backfilling soil,walking four function of the orchard and working machine. Quantitative fertilization machinery mainly consists of digging and backfilling soil device,fertifization device,transmission device system etc.Drill is powered by gasoline engine to dig pits,soil collector collects the thrown soil and backfill the soil to realize the purpose of casing soil.Acccording to calculating,the diameter of pits is 50～200 millimeters,the adjustable depth within 300 millimeters,the adjustable quantity is between 100～1000 grams,which can meet the need of quantitative fertilization for fruit trees.
This design has the previous general fertilizer machine does not have many advantages,not only improve the fertilization of inadequacy,realized agricultural efficiency ,but also improve the mechanical automation,saving manpower resources.This orchard machine can also be used for other garden,field crop fertilization,the use of a machine,and has good social benefit and economic benefic.Therefore,it is promoted becauseof this further advantage.
Keywords：Fruit Trees Trench and Backfill soil Excavator Quantitative fertilization
目 录
1.引言 2
1.1研究背景 2
1.1.1国内果树施肥装置的研究现状 2
1.1.2国内挖坑装置的研究现状 2
1.1.3 国外果树施肥装置的研究现状 2
1.2 研究内容及意义 2
1.2.1 课题来源 2
1.2.2 研究内容 2
1.2.3 研究目的及意义 2
1.3 技术路线 2
2. 总体方案的设计 2
2.1 主要工作参数 2
2.2 总机结构与工作原理 2
3. 打孔覆土装置的设计 2
3.1 打孔理论分析 2
3.1.1 土壤质点的运动规律分析 2
3.1.2 钻头升运土壤条件 2
3.1.3土流运动规律与钻头不堵塞的条件 2
3.2 钻头的设计 2
3.3 钻头传动转矩的计算 2
3.4 覆土装置的设计 2
3.4.1方案一 2
3.4.2方案二 2
3.4.3方案三 2
4.其他装置的选取设计 2
4.1 丝杆传动的选取 2
4.2 花键轴的选取 2
4.3 窥视孔与通气器的设计 2
4.4 施肥车前、后轮的选取 2
5. 总结与展望 2
5.1 总结 2
5.2 展望 2
致 谢 2
参考文献 2
附录A：开题报告 2
附录B：外文翻译 2
自己的毕业设计，原创的，仅在本站独家提交，推荐下载
摘 要
果树施肥是果树生产中关键作业环节，施肥质量直接影响果树养分的吸收状况，合理施肥能使果树获得良好的生长条件。在果树施肥方面，我国果树施肥机械化水平很低，因此，若能够一次完成挖坑、施肥、覆土工作，不仅工效高，而且能够大大减轻果农的劳动强度，显著提高果树的产量。
本文通过对国内外现有的施肥作业机的调查，提出作者在此方向的构想。参考现有的机械的外观设计，考虑山地果园的特殊地形，提出自己的一种果园施肥作业机方案。此方案在分析结构与运动理论的基础上，设计出了一台能够一次完成挖坑、施肥、覆土三种功能的果园打孔施肥机。该机器主要由挖坑覆土装置、施肥装置、传动系统、机架等组成。柴油机经过蜗轮蜗杆减速器减速后驱动钻头旋转挖坑，施肥结束后覆土装置将土壤填坑。通过计算结果表明，挖坑直径为50～200mm，深度为300mm内可调，施肥量在100～1000g之间可调，能够满足果树定量施肥要求。
本设计具有以往普通挖坑施肥机不具有的多个优点，不仅完善了其在施肥上的不足，而且实现了农业的高效化，提高了机械的自动化程度，节省了人力资源。这种果园挖坑施肥机也可用于其他园林、田间作物的施肥，一机多用，具有良好的社会效益和经济效益，值得大力推广。
关键词：果树 挖坑覆土装置 定量施肥
A Design Of a Machine for Digging and Quantitative Fertilizing And The Project Of soil
Abstract
Fertifization is the key link in the production operation of Fruit trees,and the quality directly affected the asorption of nutrients.The reasonable application can make fruit trees to get good growth conditions,which influences the yield of fruit trees.In fertilization of fruit trees, fruit trees in China fertilizer mechanization level is very low.Therefore, if we can once finish digging, fertilization, soil, walking to work, not only has the advantages of high efficiency, but also can greatly reduce the labor intensity of farmers, increase fruit yield.
The article through the domestic and foreign existing fertilizer machine survey development,establish the direction of thinking.Reference to the existing mechanical design,considering the special topography in Mountainous Orchard,put forward a orchard fetilization machine scheme.This programme in the analysis of the structure,based on the
kinetic analysis,design one can complete a digging,fetilization,backfilling soil,walking four function of the orchard and working machine. Quantitative fertilization machinery mainly consists of digging and backfilling soil device,fertifization device,transmission device system etc.Drill is powered by gasoline engine to dig pits,soil collector collects the thrown soil and backfill the soil to realize the purpose of casing soil.Acccording to calculating,the diameter of pits is 50～200 millimeters,the adjustable depth within 300 millimeters,the adjustable quantity is between 100～1000 grams,which can meet the need of quantitative fertilization for fruit trees.
This design has the previous general fertilizer machine does not have many advantages,not only improve the fertilization of inadequacy,realized agricultural efficiency ,but also improve the mechanical automation,saving manpower resources.This orchard machine can also be used for other garden,field crop fertilization,the use of a machine,and has good social benefit and economic benefic.Therefore,it is promoted becauseof this further advantage.
Keywords：Fruit Trees Trench and Backfill soil Excavator Quantitative fertilization
目 录
1.引言 2
1.1研究背景 2
1.1.1国内果树施肥装置的研究现状 2
1.1.2国内挖坑装置的研究现状 2
1.1.3 国外果树施肥装置的研究现状 2
1.2 研究内容及意义 2
1.2.1 课题来源 2
1.2.2 研究内容 2
1.2.3 研究目的及意义 2
1.3 技术路线 2
2. 总体方案的设计 2
2.1 主要工作参数 2
2.2 总机结构与工作原理 2
3. 打孔覆土装置的设计 2
3.1 打孔理论分析 2
3.1.1 土壤质点的运动规律分析 2
3.1.2 钻头升运土壤条件 2
3.1.3土流运动规律与钻头不堵塞的条件 2
3.2 钻头的设计 2
3.3 钻头传动转矩的计算 2
3.4 覆土装置的设计 2
3.4.1方案一 2
3.4.2方案二 2
3.4.3方案三 2
4.其他装置的选取设计 2
4.1 丝杆传动的选取 2
4.2 花键轴的选取 2
4.3 窥视孔与通气器的设计 2
4.4 施肥车前、后轮的选取 2
5. 总结与展望 2
5.1 总结 2
5.2 展望 2
致 谢 2
参考文献 2
附录A：开题报告 2
附录B：外文翻译 2
