非正式制度与社会冲突.doc
约15页DOC格式手机打开展开
非正式制度与社会冲突,页数：15字数：17156本文把道德、宗教、礼仪、典籍文化和宗法制度看作非正式制度，分析这些制度对社会稳定的影响。（1）宗教产生的根源是人们对不确定性的恐惧，因此，宗教具有降低不确定性的作用。宗教与邪教之间、宗教与迷信之间，并没有人类理性意义上所能够确定的界限。把各种宗教约束在一...
内容介绍
此文档由会员 cnlula 发布
非正式制度与社会冲突
页数：15 字数：17156
非正式制度与社会冲突
本文把道德、宗教、礼仪、典籍文化和宗法制度看作非正式制度，分析这些制度对社会稳定的影响。（1）宗教产生的根源是人们对不确定性的恐惧，因此，宗教具有降低不确定性的作用。宗教与邪教之间、宗教与迷信之间，并没有人类理性意义上所能够确定的界限。把各种宗教约束在一个有限的、确定的范围里，使我们的社会稳定地实现现代化。（2）礼仪是人们通过程式化言行交流某种信息，以求得生存环境的秩序化、消除对环境的陌生感、降低环境的不确定性的行为类型。礼仪有可能发挥稳定社会的作用。（3）道德是依靠羞耻感来维持的人们的自律性行为规则。传统社会中道德自律的巨大压力使其成为稳定社会的主要力量。在现代社会，道德所能发挥的稳定社会的作用受到很大限制。（4）在较为封闭的乡村社会中，宗法关系支撑着一个稳定的社会结构。只有在乡村宗法关系受到干扰，旧的利益均衡被打破时，宗族械斗才可能发生。
The moral, religion, rite, bible record, and patriarchal clan system are regarded as informal institutes in this essay. It is important to analyze these institutes for explanation of social stability or confliction. (1) The offspring of religion is the trepidation for the uncertainty, and so religion has a function of diminishing the degree of uncertainty. There are no hard lines between religion and cult and that of between religion and superstition, in human mentality. It is positive for social stability to limiting the extension of religion, but it is no necessary and even dangerous to seek eliminating the religions. (2) Rite is a type of human behavior, which can communicate some important information among people, and can make the surroundings in order. Proper rite is propitious to social stability. (3) Moral is a set of rules of behavior with the function of shame feelings. In the traditional society, moral could play an important role in maintaining social integration, and in the periods of transition of the social structure the moral function seem unimportant. (4) In the closed rural society, patriarchal clan system supports a stable social structure. Only in terms of destruction onto traditional rural order taking place, and the old benefit equilibrium is tipped, fierce confliction among different clan will take place.
关注乡村社会冲突，不能不关注乡村社会中的非正式制度的影响。相对而言，非正式制度的影响在乡村要大于城市，因此，本文论列的非正式制度主要在乡村社会。本文的分析方法主要是经济学的方法。通常，非正式制度也被学者们看作一个社会的文化状态（樊纲，
页数：15 字数：17156
非正式制度与社会冲突
本文把道德、宗教、礼仪、典籍文化和宗法制度看作非正式制度，分析这些制度对社会稳定的影响。（1）宗教产生的根源是人们对不确定性的恐惧，因此，宗教具有降低不确定性的作用。宗教与邪教之间、宗教与迷信之间，并没有人类理性意义上所能够确定的界限。把各种宗教约束在一个有限的、确定的范围里，使我们的社会稳定地实现现代化。（2）礼仪是人们通过程式化言行交流某种信息，以求得生存环境的秩序化、消除对环境的陌生感、降低环境的不确定性的行为类型。礼仪有可能发挥稳定社会的作用。（3）道德是依靠羞耻感来维持的人们的自律性行为规则。传统社会中道德自律的巨大压力使其成为稳定社会的主要力量。在现代社会，道德所能发挥的稳定社会的作用受到很大限制。（4）在较为封闭的乡村社会中，宗法关系支撑着一个稳定的社会结构。只有在乡村宗法关系受到干扰，旧的利益均衡被打破时，宗族械斗才可能发生。
The moral, religion, rite, bible record, and patriarchal clan system are regarded as informal institutes in this essay. It is important to analyze these institutes for explanation of social stability or confliction. (1) The offspring of religion is the trepidation for the uncertainty, and so religion has a function of diminishing the degree of uncertainty. There are no hard lines between religion and cult and that of between religion and superstition, in human mentality. It is positive for social stability to limiting the extension of religion, but it is no necessary and even dangerous to seek eliminating the religions. (2) Rite is a type of human behavior, which can communicate some important information among people, and can make the surroundings in order. Proper rite is propitious to social stability. (3) Moral is a set of rules of behavior with the function of shame feelings. In the traditional society, moral could play an important role in maintaining social integration, and in the periods of transition of the social structure the moral function seem unimportant. (4) In the closed rural society, patriarchal clan system supports a stable social structure. Only in terms of destruction onto traditional rural order taking place, and the old benefit equilibrium is tipped, fierce confliction among different clan will take place.
关注乡村社会冲突，不能不关注乡村社会中的非正式制度的影响。相对而言，非正式制度的影响在乡村要大于城市，因此，本文论列的非正式制度主要在乡村社会。本文的分析方法主要是经济学的方法。通常，非正式制度也被学者们看作一个社会的文化状态（樊纲，
