《wto政府采购协定》对国内政府采购制度的影响及挑战.doc

《WTO政府采购协定》对国内政府采购制度的影响及挑战


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《WTO政府采购协定》对国内政府采购制度的影响及挑战
摘要
目前，政府采购制度在中国还处于建立的初期，学习和借鉴国际立法经验显得尤为重要。本文从立法目标、法律适用范围和采购方式的选择和适用三个方面对WTO《政府采购协定》、《联合国经济法委员会货物、工程和服务采购示范法》以及国内相关立法进行了比较分析。随着我们对世贸组织的加入，加入GPA开放政府采购市场是迟早的事情。对此，我们在立法上应该有所准备，在采购的基本制度和运行规则上要注意与国际接轨。在加入GPA之前，我们应该充分发挥政府采购的合法贸易壁垒的作用，为国内的相关产业提供必要的保护。在确定政府采购法的适用范围的时候，要从采购项目的角度出发，利用项目资金的公共性、项目的竞争性和公益性的标准进行衡量。政府采购的采购方法及其适用是政府采购制度中的一个核心性的问题。从我国政府采购的立法目的上来看，应该将采购的重点放在那些公开程度高，竞争性强，规范性比较突出的采购方法上，对其他的方法的适用要加以严格的限制，从而保证政府采购制度和观念的健康形成和发展；同时，要明确每种采购方法的适用条件，使采购者在采购实践中正确选择采购方法，使法律得以真正地贯彻实施。待政府采购市场对外开放之后，再给予那些限制竞争的采购方式以更多的关注，发挥它们的合法? 骋妆诶莸淖饔谩?/P>
AbstractUp?till?now,?the?regulation?system?of?government?procurement?has?just?got?its?life,?so?studying?and?learning?the?international?government?procurement?law?seems?so?necessary?that?we?must?do?it?immediately.?This?article?from?the?view?of?the?aim,?the?scope?and?the?manner?and?its?use?scope?of?the?government?procurement?act?compare?and?analyze?the?Government?Procurement?Agreement?(GPA)?and?the?Model?law?of?procurement?on?goods?projects?and?services?issued?by?the?United?Nations?Community?on?Trade?Act.?After?the?joining?of?the?World?Trade?Organization?(WTO),?it?w ill?be?the?subject?of?time?for?china?to?sign?the?GPA?and?open?the?government?procurement?market?toward?the?world.?So?something?must?be?done?in?our?legislation?to?prepare?for?it,?the?regulation?in?of?basic?system?and?its?running?rule?should?fit?the?common?require?of?international?procurement?law.?But?before?we?sign?the?GPA,?we?should?use?the?system?of?government?procurement?as?a?good?trade?vallation?which?can?provide?some?developing?or?important?industry?with?legal?protection?from?the?foreign?competition.?To?decide?the?scope?in?which?the?procurement&nbs p;law?should?applicable,?we?should?start?our?view?from?the?procurement?items,?and?analyze?by?these?standards:?whether?the?fund?for?the?item?is?public;?whether?the?item?is?competitive;?whether?the?item?is?for?commonweal.?The?manners?of?the?government?procurement?and?their?use?is?the?top?subject?in?the?system.?To?fit?the?goal?of?our?government?procurement,?we?should?put?the?emphases?on?the?manners?which?is?open?competitive?and?well?regulated.?Other?manners?should?be?limited?to?ensure?the?system?and?concept?form?healthily.?For?each?manner,?it?should?be&nb sp;clarified?when?and?where?the?manner?can?come?into?use.?So?each?manner?can?be?use?exactly.?After?china?open?its?procurement?mar