超声波测距仪毕业论文.doc
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超声波测距仪毕业论文,页数：48字数：16799摘要本文详细介绍了一种基于单片机的单脉冲反射式超声测距系统。该系统以空气中超声波的传播速度为确定条件，利用反射超声波测量待测距离。并且描述了系统研制的理论基础，超声传感器等部分的电路设计以及使用了性能优良的 philips单片机 p89lpc932后对系统所起的积极作用。课...
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超声波测距仪毕业论文
页数：48 字数：16799
摘要
本文详细介绍了一种基于单片机的单脉冲反射式超声测距系统。该系统以空气中超声波的传播速度为确定条件，利用反射超声波测量待测距离。并且描述了系统研制的理论基础，超声传感器等部分的电路设计以及使用了性能优良的 PHILIPS单片机 P89LPC932后对系统所起的积极作用。课题初步计划是在室内范围的测距。系统的设计及器件的选择也正是在这个基础上进行的。
超声测距系统的设计原理以达到更优的系统性能为目的。为适合不同的测距范围，单片机设置了远近两种发射模式，即远距时使用高放大倍数放大，近距使用低放大倍数放大。根据回波信号特点得到了最佳接收机的组成。利用双门限检测的原理，检测单元实现了滑动门限检测和脉宽检测，一定程度上以降低系统检测误识率。并且采用PHILIPS P90LPC932微控制器，完成数据的采集，处理，显示。
论文概述了超声检测的发展及基本原理，介绍超声传感器的原理及特性。对于测距系统的一些主要参数进行了讨论。并且在介绍超声测距系统功能的基础上，提出了系统的总体构成。针对测距系统发射、接收、显示部分的总体设计方案进行了论证。进一步介绍了单片机 P89LPC932应用在系统中的应用，分析了系统各部分的硬件及软件实现。
本设计以P89LPC932单片机为主控制器。采用6位数码管显示器，数码管接口基于MAX7219进行设计。
关键词：超声波；测距；P89LPC932；MAX7219
ABSTRACT
The thesis introduces a kind of single-pulse-reflection ultrasonic distancemeter system in detail based on microcontronller. The system could measure certain distance with the reflected wave on condition in which the speed of transmitting wave is fixed. It generally specifies the theoretical foundation of the system, the electronic design of the ultrasonic sensor. Because the project is the initial part of ultrasonic signal detection based on DSP, it is limited in indoor range in advance. So the design of the system and the choice of the components are decided according to the reason.
The scheme of each part is designed to acquire better performance of the system. In order to meet the different distance range, it arranges two transmitting modes in microcontroller: hign gain applies to far mode, while low gain applies to near mode. What is more, it makes use of the integrated chips to simplify the whole configuration, such as ingtegrated filter and programmable gain amplifier, in the optimum receiver that is based on the characters of the receiving waves. And to reduce the rate of misdetection, it carries out the double-threshold detection including amplitude detection and pulse-width detection. Moreover, the PHILIPS P89LPC932 microcontroller is employed in this system to achieve the function of collecting, processing, and displaying of data.
This paper summarizes the development and foudamental principle of ultrasonic detection. Then it presents the theory and characters of ultrasonic sensor. At the same time, it discusses a number of main technical parameters. Moreover, it proposes the whole structure of the system by introducing the function of ultrasonic distancemeter. And then the transmission, receiver, display scheme of this distancemeter system is brough out. Specially, after the application of P89LPC932 microcontroller, it analyzes the hardware and software realization of each part in this system.
This design with the P89LPC932 single slice machine id main controller, adopt 6figures tube displays, the figures tube connects to carry on establish according to the MAX7219.
Keywords: Ultrasonic wave；Distance measurement；P89LPC932；MAX7219
目录
摘要 1
ABSTRACT 2
第1章 引言 1
第2章 超声波测距仪原理及设计要求 2
2.1 超声波测距仪简介 2
2.2设计要求 4
2.3设计方案的确定 5
第3章 超声波测距仪的硬件设计 5
3.1超声波发送器的设计 5
3.2 超声波接收器的设计 6
3.3 基于DS18B20的温度测量电路 8
3.4 LED显示电路设计 9
3.5 基于P89LPC932的主机电路设计 13
第4章 超声波测距仪的软件设计 19
4.1超声波测距仪的软件规划 19
4.2 DS18B20的接口程序设计 20
4.2.1 DS18B20的初始化 20
4.2.2 字节写DS18B20程序 20
4.2.3 字读DS18B20程序 20
4.3 显示程序设计 21
4.3.1 MAX7219的初始化 21
4.3.2 字写MAX7219程序 22
4.3.3 显示子程序 22
4.4 距离计算及其程序实现 22
4.4.1 温度补偿 23
4.4.2距离计算 24
4.4.3 数制转换与数据标定处理 24
4.5 主程序与P89LPC932的初始化程序 25
4.5.1 P89LPC932的初始化程序设计 25
4.5.2 主程序设计 25
第5章 结论 28
参考文献 29
致谢 30
附录 31
页数：48 字数：16799
摘要
本文详细介绍了一种基于单片机的单脉冲反射式超声测距系统。该系统以空气中超声波的传播速度为确定条件，利用反射超声波测量待测距离。并且描述了系统研制的理论基础，超声传感器等部分的电路设计以及使用了性能优良的 PHILIPS单片机 P89LPC932后对系统所起的积极作用。课题初步计划是在室内范围的测距。系统的设计及器件的选择也正是在这个基础上进行的。
超声测距系统的设计原理以达到更优的系统性能为目的。为适合不同的测距范围，单片机设置了远近两种发射模式，即远距时使用高放大倍数放大，近距使用低放大倍数放大。根据回波信号特点得到了最佳接收机的组成。利用双门限检测的原理，检测单元实现了滑动门限检测和脉宽检测，一定程度上以降低系统检测误识率。并且采用PHILIPS P90LPC932微控制器，完成数据的采集，处理，显示。
论文概述了超声检测的发展及基本原理，介绍超声传感器的原理及特性。对于测距系统的一些主要参数进行了讨论。并且在介绍超声测距系统功能的基础上，提出了系统的总体构成。针对测距系统发射、接收、显示部分的总体设计方案进行了论证。进一步介绍了单片机 P89LPC932应用在系统中的应用，分析了系统各部分的硬件及软件实现。
本设计以P89LPC932单片机为主控制器。采用6位数码管显示器，数码管接口基于MAX7219进行设计。
关键词：超声波；测距；P89LPC932；MAX7219
ABSTRACT
The thesis introduces a kind of single-pulse-reflection ultrasonic distancemeter system in detail based on microcontronller. The system could measure certain distance with the reflected wave on condition in which the speed of transmitting wave is fixed. It generally specifies the theoretical foundation of the system, the electronic design of the ultrasonic sensor. Because the project is the initial part of ultrasonic signal detection based on DSP, it is limited in indoor range in advance. So the design of the system and the choice of the components are decided according to the reason.
The scheme of each part is designed to acquire better performance of the system. In order to meet the different distance range, it arranges two transmitting modes in microcontroller: hign gain applies to far mode, while low gain applies to near mode. What is more, it makes use of the integrated chips to simplify the whole configuration, such as ingtegrated filter and programmable gain amplifier, in the optimum receiver that is based on the characters of the receiving waves. And to reduce the rate of misdetection, it carries out the double-threshold detection including amplitude detection and pulse-width detection. Moreover, the PHILIPS P89LPC932 microcontroller is employed in this system to achieve the function of collecting, processing, and displaying of data.
This paper summarizes the development and foudamental principle of ultrasonic detection. Then it presents the theory and characters of ultrasonic sensor. At the same time, it discusses a number of main technical parameters. Moreover, it proposes the whole structure of the system by introducing the function of ultrasonic distancemeter. And then the transmission, receiver, display scheme of this distancemeter system is brough out. Specially, after the application of P89LPC932 microcontroller, it analyzes the hardware and software realization of each part in this system.
This design with the P89LPC932 single slice machine id main controller, adopt 6figures tube displays, the figures tube connects to carry on establish according to the MAX7219.
Keywords: Ultrasonic wave；Distance measurement；P89LPC932；MAX7219
目录
摘要 1
ABSTRACT 2
第1章 引言 1
第2章 超声波测距仪原理及设计要求 2
2.1 超声波测距仪简介 2
2.2设计要求 4
2.3设计方案的确定 5
第3章 超声波测距仪的硬件设计 5
3.1超声波发送器的设计 5
3.2 超声波接收器的设计 6
3.3 基于DS18B20的温度测量电路 8
3.4 LED显示电路设计 9
3.5 基于P89LPC932的主机电路设计 13
第4章 超声波测距仪的软件设计 19
4.1超声波测距仪的软件规划 19
4.2 DS18B20的接口程序设计 20
4.2.1 DS18B20的初始化 20
4.2.2 字节写DS18B20程序 20
4.2.3 字读DS18B20程序 20
4.3 显示程序设计 21
4.3.1 MAX7219的初始化 21
4.3.2 字写MAX7219程序 22
4.3.3 显示子程序 22
4.4 距离计算及其程序实现 22
4.4.1 温度补偿 23
4.4.2距离计算 24
4.4.3 数制转换与数据标定处理 24
4.5 主程序与P89LPC932的初始化程序 25
4.5.1 P89LPC932的初始化程序设计 25
4.5.2 主程序设计 25
第5章 结论 28
参考文献 29
致谢 30
附录 31
