数字声纳系统(外文翻译).rar

数字声纳系统(外文翻译)

包含中文翻译和英文原文，内容详细完整，建议下载参考！

中文：2000 字
英文：5877 字符


数字化处理是一个非常迅速扩大的领域，因此而产生的结果使得计算元件的需求也迅速扩大。随着晶体管的出现和现在计算元件的集成电路的规模和价格的大幅度下降，这似乎预示着在数年内计算机电路的价格将是按照这个规律就像单一零组件支付价钱时一样。正是考虑到这种情况，就是研究了看看数字处理是否可应用于声纳系统，使这种优势 “跌出”计算机这一单一领域。当然，一些关于这个问题的工作已经做了（Allen和Westefield 1964年，安德森1960年， 迪宁和里德1956年，鲁尼克1960年，Stewart 等 。1956年）， 另外，也与雷达领域的进行合作，但是下面的描述可能是个新颖的东西。
该系统不同于常见的声纳，主要方式有两种： （一）响应是由相抽样测量得到而不是正常的最大响应技术；（二）部分初级基本计算处理系统由前信号显示。区分这两个因素时重要的，因为可建造设备用于不同阶段探测信息并且在模拟基础上也是可操作的，反之亦然。
普通声纳系统旋转它的电波，可连续或根据运营商的控制，以及对特定回波的最大响应状态被记录为与目标间的联系。它最大的贡献是，会发生从换能器阵列的各个部分相加在第二阶段，即从哪个方向时的回波被返回的数组是正常的。 如果传感器是分段的，那么它就可以得到一个最大的不同于由正常调整不同部件而得到的方向。这种电子型数组，指导阵列，是一个特别有用的声纳系统，因为它使'内脉冲'扫描来实现 ......




Digital processing is a very rapidly expanding field and as a result the demand for computing elements is expanding rapidly also. With the advent of transistors and now integrated circuits the size and price of computing elements have fallen considerably and it appears that within a few years the price of complete circuits will be of the same order as the price paid at the moment for single active components. It was with this in mind that a study was made to see if digital processing could be applied to sonar systems so that advantage might be taken of this 'fall out' from the computer industry. Of course some work has already been done on this subject (Allen and Westefield 1964, Anderson 1960, Dineen and Reed 1956, Rudnick 1960, Stewart et al. 1956), as also in the allied field of radar, but the particular approach described below appears to be novel.
This system differs from a common sonar in two main ways: (i) the bearing is measured by phase sampling rather than by the normal maximum response technique; (ii) some elementary decision processing is carried out by the system before the signal is displayed. It is important to separate these two factors since equipment could be built making use of the phase information for detection but operating on an analogue basis and vice versa.
The normal sonar system rotates its beam, either continuously or under the operator's control, and the position of maximum response to a particular echo is taken as the bearing of the target. This maximum occurs when the contributions from the various parts of the transducer array add together in phase, i.e. when the direction from which the echo is being returned is normal to the array. If the transducer is sectionalized then it is possible to get a maximum from a direction other than the normal by suitably phasing the signals from each section. This type of array, the electronically steered array, is particularly useful in a sonar system since it enables 'within pulse' scanning to be achieved ......