pcb数控钻机控制系统设计.doc

PCB数控钻机控制系统设计

摘    要

随着全球化信息程度的加深，微电子技术的更广泛应用，我国集成电路产量快速增长，使得印刷电路板（PCB）加工行业的市场规模迅速扩大，并且对PCB板加工的生产效率和生产质量提出了更高的要求。而我国用于PCB板加工的关键设备之一的PCB数控钻床相对落后，国外同类产品价格昂贵。因此，开发价格适中的高性能PCB板数控钻床有了客观的市场需求。
    本文主要对PCB板数控钻床控制系统的硬件部分进行了设计，包括系统的电器原理图、控制柜原件布置等。第一部分对PCB数控钻床的产生背景、工作原理、发展状况和我国目前存在的问题进行了分析。第二部分对系统总体方案进行了设计。第三部分详细说明了伺服电机、驱动器、运动控制卡、变频器等进行了选择设计、硬件连接和工作原理。第四部分对系统软件简要设计。
本文的PCB板数控钻床的进给轴采用半闭环交流伺服驱动系统，主轴采用变频器进行驱动，精度大大提高，成本大大降低。还对PCB板数控钻床硬件平台进行了分析，确立了以“运动控制卡+PC机”的体系结构作为三维四轴PCB板钻床数控系统的硬件平台，大大的提高了的信息处理能力。

关键词：PCB，数控钻床，半闭环控制系统，运动控制卡

ABSTRACT

With the more development of global information and the more application of microelectronic technology, IC product in our country is dramatically increasing, which enlarges the market of Print Circuit Board (PCB) production and demand the high rate and quality of the PCB production. On the other hand, it is relatively lagging of PCB milling machine as one of basilica device to produce PCB in china, but the price of the counterpart in oversea is too expensive for Chinese company to produce PCB. So it is market demand to develop the numerical control milling machine for PCB with proper price and high performance.
My groundwork is to moving the design which prints the part of the numerical control drilling machine hardware of the board only, including system's electric appliance schematic diagram, control cubicle original part arrangement and so on. The first part the question which to the PCB numerical control drilling machine's production background, the principle of work, the development condition and our country existed at present has carried on the analysis. The second part has carried on the design to the system overall concept. The third part explained in detail the servo electrical machinery, the driver, the movement control card, the frequency changer and so on have carried on the choice design, the hardware connection and the principle of work. The fourth part designs briefly to the system software.
The numerical control drill press of this design adopts half closed loop control system and AC servo drive system, the precision enhances greatly, the cost reduces greatly. On the basis of analysis to hardware system platform, “motion controller card + PC” system architecture is employed as the hardware system platform of the CNC system of the 3A-4S milling machine for PCB, Greatly increased the information processing capability.

Key words: PCB, numerical control drilling machine, half closed-loop control system, motion controller card

目   录

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1绪论 1
1.1 PCB数控钻床的产生背景及工作原理 1
1.1.1 PCB数控钻床的产生背景 1
    1.1.2 PCB数控钻床的基本工作原理 1
1.1.3 数控钻床加工及运动分析 1
1.2 PCB数控钻床的现状、发展方向及存在的主要问题分析 2
1.2.1 国内外PCB数控钻床的应用现状 2
1.2.2 PCB数控钻床的主要发展方向 2
1.2.3 我国PCB数控钻床发展面临的主要问题 5
 2总体设计 6
   2.1 计算机硬件系统选择 6
  2.2 进给伺服系统选择 6
     2.2.1 开环控制系统 6
     2.2.2 半闭环控制系统 6
     2.2.3 闭环控制系统 7
2.2.4 伺服系统传动装置的选择 7
 2.3 总体设计方案 8
  2.4 输入输出量设计 10
3硬件系统选型及设计 12
3.1 伺服电机的选择设计 12
3.2 伺服电机驱动器的选择设计 13
3.3 运动控制的选择设计 15
3.3.1 MPC02软硬件简介 15
    3.3.2 MPC02的结构 16
    3.3.3 MPC02的技术特性 16
3.3.4 MPC02有关端口介绍及接线方法 17
3.4 主轴电机的选择 18
  3.5 变频器的选择设计 18
  3.6 输入卡和输出卡的选择设计 21
3.6.1 输入卡PCL-733简介 21
3.6.2 输出卡PCL-734简介 22
    3.6.3 输入输出卡的接线及其原理 22
3.7 其它辅助元件的选择设计 24
3.7.1 主轴夹嘴和压脚的控制设计 24
    3.7.2 冷却电机和吸尘电机的选择 25
4控制系统软件设计 26
4.1 软件开发平台选择 26
4.1.1 操作系统选择 26
4.1.2 软件开发工具 27
4.2 系统功能原理简介 27
4.3 对软件的简要设计 28
5结论 31
致谢 32
参考文献 33