阻然镁合金耐蚀性研究（本科毕业论文设计）.doc
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阻然镁合金耐蚀性研究（本科毕业论文设计）,阻然镁合金耐蚀性研究23000字 29页摘 要镁的化学性质活泼，非常容易氧化、燃烧，导致镁合金无法在大气条件下直接进行熔炼和浇注。氧化燃烧现象一直困扰着镁合金的生产，严重地阻碍了镁合金产品的大规模应用。目前一般采用熔剂覆盖法和气体保护法熔炼生产镁合金，或采用半固态压铸成形工艺以降低作业温度，但都存在着不少缺点。合金化阻...
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阻然镁合金耐蚀性研究
23000字 29页
摘 要
镁的化学性质活泼，非常容易氧化、燃烧，导致镁合金无法在大气条件下直接进行熔炼和浇注。氧化燃烧现象一直困扰着镁合金的生产，严重地阻碍了镁合金产品的大规模应用。目前一般采用熔剂覆盖法和气体保护法熔炼生产镁合金，或采用半固态压铸成形工艺以降低作业温度，但都存在着不少缺点。合金化阻燃可以提高镁合金的生产效率，减少环境污染，降低生产成本，通过合金化的方法实现镁合金的阻燃是镁合金研究的发展方向之一。
本课题采用合金化的方法来提高镁合金的抗氧化性能。实验结果表明，在ZM5镁合金中添加经优化配比后的混合稀土后（混合稀土加入量为0.1%），镁合金将不再产生剧烈氧化燃烧现象，同时合金在常温下酸性环境或盐中的耐蚀性能也得到了显著提高。
混合稀土阻燃镁合金的研究，将大大提高镁合金的生产效率，减少环境污染，降低生产成本，促进我国镁合金的生产和应用。同时也将为我国稀土金属材料的开发和应用提供广阔的前景，从而可以充分开发利用我国丰富的稀土资源。
关键词：ZM5镁合金，混合稀土，阻燃性，耐蚀性
ABSTRACT
As the lightest constructional material, Magnesium alloy has high specific strength, high specific stiffness, good magnetic-shielding ability, good damping ability, and good mechanical property. Since its chemical character is very active, Mg alloy is prone to oxidation and burning, which makes it impossible to be melted and cast in air. Oxidation and burning of Mg alloy obstruct its application greatly. Fluxes and cover gases are currently used for the melting and production processes, and semi-solid thixocasting is also used to lower the operation temperature; but there are still many problems. Alloying is a kind of promising method of preventing Mg alloy from burning.
Alloying is used here to prevent Mg alloy from oxidation. The widely used Mg alloyZM5 is chose as the original alloy. On the surface of the molten alloy, a layer of protective film with dense structure is formed by the addition of misch metal, When 0.1% RE was added. The film prevents the penetration of oxygen and volatilization of Mg vapor, and then prevents the alloy from oxidation and burning. The oxidation process and the composition of oxide film are analyzed, which gives a clear understand of oxidation at high temperature. It can help the oxidation-proof work of other metals and alloys. Alloying can improve the production efficiency, reduce environmental pollution and lower production cost, and then increases the application of Mg alloy.
The rare earth ignition-proof Mg alloy will accelerate the production and application of Mg alloy and boost the development of magnesium industry. It will promote the development of vehicle and electronics industries, which are adopting more and more Mg alloy parts. And it will also speed up the research and application of rare earth materials and the exploration of the abundant rare earth resources in China.
Key words: ZM5magnesium alloy, misch metal, ignition, corrosion resistance
目 录
中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 绪论 1
1.1 镁合金生产面临的问题 1
1.2 解决办法及其局限性 1
1.2.1 熔剂保护法 2
1.2.2 气体保护法 3
1.2.3 半固态成形 4
1.2.4 合金化阻燃 4
1.3 研究的目的和内容 6
1.4 课题的意义 7
2 镁与镁合金 8
2.1 镁的基本性质 8
2.2 镁合金的特点 9
2.2.1 比强度与比刚度 9
2.2.2 抗腐蚀性 9
2.2.3 铸造适应性 9
2.2.4 减震性 9
2.2.5 切削加工性 9
2.2.6 导热性 10
2.2.7 电磁屏蔽性 10
2.3 常用镁合金 10
2.3.1 Mg-Mn系合金 10
2.3.2 Mg-Al系合金 10
2.3.3 Mg-Zn系合金 11
2.3.4 Mg-RE系合金 11
2.4 镁合金的应用 12
2.4.1汽车零部件 12
2.4.2电子器材 13
2.4.3航空航天与军事领域 13
2.4.4其他领域 13
3 镁合金的氧化及合金化阻燃 14
3.1 镁氧化的原因 14
3.1.1 Mg与氧的反应 14
3.1.2 Mg与水的反应 14
3.1.3 MgO结构疏松 14
3.2 合金化阻燃 15
3.2.1热力学条件 16
3.2.2动力学条件 17
4 混合稀土镁合金的耐蚀性 18
4.1试验设备、仪器及药品 18
4.2实验方法 18
4.2.1 合金熔炼 18
4.2.2 腐蚀实验 18
4.3 试验结果与分析 19
4.3.1 实验现象 19
4.3.2 混合稀土对合金显微组织的影响 20
4.3.3 混合稀土对ZM5合金耐蚀性的影响 20
4.3.4 腐蚀机理 22
5 结论 23
致谢 24
参考文献 25
23000字 29页
摘 要
镁的化学性质活泼，非常容易氧化、燃烧，导致镁合金无法在大气条件下直接进行熔炼和浇注。氧化燃烧现象一直困扰着镁合金的生产，严重地阻碍了镁合金产品的大规模应用。目前一般采用熔剂覆盖法和气体保护法熔炼生产镁合金，或采用半固态压铸成形工艺以降低作业温度，但都存在着不少缺点。合金化阻燃可以提高镁合金的生产效率，减少环境污染，降低生产成本，通过合金化的方法实现镁合金的阻燃是镁合金研究的发展方向之一。
本课题采用合金化的方法来提高镁合金的抗氧化性能。实验结果表明，在ZM5镁合金中添加经优化配比后的混合稀土后（混合稀土加入量为0.1%），镁合金将不再产生剧烈氧化燃烧现象，同时合金在常温下酸性环境或盐中的耐蚀性能也得到了显著提高。
混合稀土阻燃镁合金的研究，将大大提高镁合金的生产效率，减少环境污染，降低生产成本，促进我国镁合金的生产和应用。同时也将为我国稀土金属材料的开发和应用提供广阔的前景，从而可以充分开发利用我国丰富的稀土资源。
关键词：ZM5镁合金，混合稀土，阻燃性，耐蚀性
ABSTRACT
As the lightest constructional material, Magnesium alloy has high specific strength, high specific stiffness, good magnetic-shielding ability, good damping ability, and good mechanical property. Since its chemical character is very active, Mg alloy is prone to oxidation and burning, which makes it impossible to be melted and cast in air. Oxidation and burning of Mg alloy obstruct its application greatly. Fluxes and cover gases are currently used for the melting and production processes, and semi-solid thixocasting is also used to lower the operation temperature; but there are still many problems. Alloying is a kind of promising method of preventing Mg alloy from burning.
Alloying is used here to prevent Mg alloy from oxidation. The widely used Mg alloyZM5 is chose as the original alloy. On the surface of the molten alloy, a layer of protective film with dense structure is formed by the addition of misch metal, When 0.1% RE was added. The film prevents the penetration of oxygen and volatilization of Mg vapor, and then prevents the alloy from oxidation and burning. The oxidation process and the composition of oxide film are analyzed, which gives a clear understand of oxidation at high temperature. It can help the oxidation-proof work of other metals and alloys. Alloying can improve the production efficiency, reduce environmental pollution and lower production cost, and then increases the application of Mg alloy.
The rare earth ignition-proof Mg alloy will accelerate the production and application of Mg alloy and boost the development of magnesium industry. It will promote the development of vehicle and electronics industries, which are adopting more and more Mg alloy parts. And it will also speed up the research and application of rare earth materials and the exploration of the abundant rare earth resources in China.
Key words: ZM5magnesium alloy, misch metal, ignition, corrosion resistance
目 录
中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 绪论 1
1.1 镁合金生产面临的问题 1
1.2 解决办法及其局限性 1
1.2.1 熔剂保护法 2
1.2.2 气体保护法 3
1.2.3 半固态成形 4
1.2.4 合金化阻燃 4
1.3 研究的目的和内容 6
1.4 课题的意义 7
2 镁与镁合金 8
2.1 镁的基本性质 8
2.2 镁合金的特点 9
2.2.1 比强度与比刚度 9
2.2.2 抗腐蚀性 9
2.2.3 铸造适应性 9
2.2.4 减震性 9
2.2.5 切削加工性 9
2.2.6 导热性 10
2.2.7 电磁屏蔽性 10
2.3 常用镁合金 10
2.3.1 Mg-Mn系合金 10
2.3.2 Mg-Al系合金 10
2.3.3 Mg-Zn系合金 11
2.3.4 Mg-RE系合金 11
2.4 镁合金的应用 12
2.4.1汽车零部件 12
2.4.2电子器材 13
2.4.3航空航天与军事领域 13
2.4.4其他领域 13
3 镁合金的氧化及合金化阻燃 14
3.1 镁氧化的原因 14
3.1.1 Mg与氧的反应 14
3.1.2 Mg与水的反应 14
3.1.3 MgO结构疏松 14
3.2 合金化阻燃 15
3.2.1热力学条件 16
3.2.2动力学条件 17
4 混合稀土镁合金的耐蚀性 18
4.1试验设备、仪器及药品 18
4.2实验方法 18
4.2.1 合金熔炼 18
4.2.2 腐蚀实验 18
4.3 试验结果与分析 19
4.3.1 实验现象 19
4.3.2 混合稀土对合金显微组织的影响 20
4.3.3 混合稀土对ZM5合金耐蚀性的影响 20
4.3.4 腐蚀机理 22
5 结论 23
致谢 24
参考文献 25
