基于单片机的酿酒槽的温度检测与控制.doc

基于单片机的酿酒槽的温度检测与控制

    [摘要] 课题针对温度控制的特点及实现准确温度控制的意义，设计了一种基于单片机的控制系统。设计内容包括硬件和软件两个部分。硬件电路以AT89S52单片机为微处理器，详细设计了温度信号采样电路，键盘及显示电路，温度控制电路，报警电路，时钟信号电路。软件部分主要对PID算法进行了数学建模和编程。PID参数整定采用的是归一参数整定法。本设计由键盘电路输入设定温度信号给单片机，温度信号采集电路采集现场温度信号给单片机，单片机根据输入与反馈信号的偏差进行PID计算，输出控制信号给温度控制电路，实现降温。显示电路实现现场温度的实时监控。

[关键词]PID算法 温度控制

ABSTRACT

Industrial production is a one-way temperature control, delay, the inertia and time-varying characteristics, To achieve the rapid temperature control and accuracy, improving the quality of products is a very important practical significance.
The temperature control issues against the characteristics and achieve precise control of temperature, Based on the design of a PID temperature control system. Design elements include hardware and software in two parts. Hardware circuit to AT89S52 MCU for microprocessors, for the detailed design of the microcontroller to provide electricity supply circuit, Temperature  signal sampling circuit, keyboard and display circuits, such as heating   control circuit four circuit module. Software major part of the PID algorithm is a mathematical modeling and programming. PID tuning parameters are used to a fixed parameter. The  circuit  design  of  the  keyboard  input  from  the  set temperature signal to the microcontroller, Temperature Signal Acquisition Circuit collect temperature signal to the microcontroller, According to SCM input and feedback signal, the error for PID, the output control signals to the heating control circuit, Heating and achieve stop. Show circuit scene of the real-time monitoring of temperature.
The system PID tuning parameters  in  MATLAB  software  under  SIMULINK environment for the conduct of the simulation, By stabilizing the border will be the entire law, and parameters, the end system without steady-state error and adjust to the 30's, no overshoot, all targets were met design requirements.
The system is simple, and hardware, but also the real-time temperature, with the particularity of the control process, The design of a PID algorithm based on the temperature control to achieve the temperature control system, the main aim is to achieve the production process for the temperature control speed, high accuracy.

目录

ABSTRACT 3
第1章  绪论 4
1.2 方案的论证 6
1.2.1 方案一利用单片机实现酿酒槽的温度控制系统 6
1.3 设计方案 8
第2章  酿酒槽温度控制系统硬件设计 10
2.1  AT89S52单片机简介 10
2.2 温度传感器 12
2.3 键盘和显示电路 13
2.3．1 行列式键盘的接口 13
2.3．2行列式键盘的工作原理 14
2.3．3液晶显示的接口 14
2.3．4液晶显示的工作原理 14
2.4温度控制电路 16
2.5语言报警电路 17
2.5．1 ISD2560工作模式 17
2.5．1 ISD2560的连接图 17
第3章 酿酒槽温度控制系统软件设计 18
3.1  PID调节器控制原理 18
3.2 位置式PID算法 19
3.3 数字PID参数的整定 20
3.4  PID计算程序 22
3.5系统相关软件设计 28
3.5.1系统其它部件的软件设计方案 28
3.5.2系统软件设计框图 28
3.5.3主程序的设计 29
3.5.4 主程序的起始地址及初始化 29
3.5.5 lcd1602的显示控制 29
3.5.6 DS18B20和lcd1602的子程序设计 30
3.5.7键盘处理子程序流程图 35
3.5.8键盘处理子程序设计 36
第4章 酿酒槽温度控制的系统调试 38
4  系统调试 38
4.2系统的软件调试 38
4.3系统的软件与硬件调试的特点 38
第5章 酿酒槽温度控制的设计总结 40
5.设计总结 40
5.1 工作总结 40
5.2 工作展望 40
致谢 41
参考文献 42