船用齿轮箱传动系统设计及优化（本科毕业论文设计）.doc
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船用齿轮箱传动系统设计及优化（本科毕业论文设计）,摘 要少齿差减速器是一种新型减速器。它具有传动比大、体积小、重量轻、承载能力高等优点，符合现代机械的发展要求，在国防、冶金、起重、运输等机械中有广阔的应用前景。当前有多种少齿差减速器设计制造出来，但是已有的方案大多存在结构和工艺复杂、加工制造成本高、高速重载下振动噪声大等...
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船用齿轮箱传动系统设计及优化（本科毕业论文设计）
摘 要
少齿差减速器是一种新型减速器。它具有传动比大、体积小、重量轻、承载能力高等优点，符合现代机械的发展要求，在国防、冶金、起重、运输等机械中有广阔的应用前景。
当前有多种少齿差减速器设计制造出来，但是已有的方案大多存在结构和工艺复杂、加工制造成本高、高速重载下振动噪声大等问题，影响了这种减速器的广泛应用。针对这些问题，依据少齿差传动原理，在现存方案的基础上进行改进设计，提出一种新型的减速器设计方案。新的方案中传动系统分为两级，实现功率分流，得到较大的传动比。第一级采用圆柱齿轮外啮合传动，同时将动力传递到偏心轴上；第二级为少齿差传动，采用一对偏心轴和一对外齿环板对称布置，偏心轴的偏心段推动外齿轮与内齿圈啮合。该设计结构上大大简化，并且易于实现动平衡。整个减速器的主要零件均为回转体，齿轮为常用的渐开线齿轮，容易加工。输入输出轴在同一直线上，结构紧凑，安装使用方便。
本文的主要内容：依据少齿差传动的基本原理，对现有的少齿差减速器进行改进设计，提出新的设计方案，对新方案中的零件进行结构设计和强度校核。然后利用三维设计软件SolidWorks建立零件的三维模型,进行虚拟装配，并得到主要零件的工程图。
关键词：渐开线齿轮，少齿差传动，减速器，结构设计，三维模型，虚拟装配
ABSTRACT
Gear reducer with small teeth number difference is new-type with features as large driving ratio ,compact configuration ,low weight and great loading capacity as well as high driving efficiency ,which is up to latter-day machine . Rresultingly it will have a well application in the field of national defence , metallurgy ,lift ,traffic and so on.
Currently several kinds of reducer with small teeth number difference have been designed and manufactured ,some of which have been employed in practice .However ,it is also found that most of them have disadvantages such as complex configuration and craftwork ,high cost of manufacturing ,gear noise and vibration in high velocity and over loading ,that foreclose its application .In this situation according to the theory of driving with small teeth number difference ,a new mend design of reducer basing on existent blue print is put forward .The improvement that driving system is designed as two stages attains good power distribution and high transmission ratio .External cylindrical gear engage in first stage that drive the eccentric axle. The driving with small teeth number difference has a pair of eccentric axle and a pair of external gear which are Symmetrical layout ,that makes configuration greatly predigested and it easy to get dynamic balance .Most of accessories in the reducer are revolution object and common involute gear that are easily manufactured .Input axle and output axle at the same line makes configuration compact and easy to set and use .
The content talked about in this paper is as follow: Aaccording to the theory of driving with small teeth number difference ,a new mend design of reducer basing on existent blue print is put forward .Set parameters of the accessories and calculate validity of local strength .And then with the help of 3-D design software SolidWorks ,obtain 3-D models of accessories and finish virtual assembly .Finally draw engineering blueprint of central accessories .
Key words : involute gear ,driving with small teeth number difference ,gear reducer , structure design , 3-D model ,virtual assembly .
目 录
摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1 绪论 1
1.1 少齿差行星传动的概念 1
1.2 少齿差减速器的类型 1
1.3 少齿差减速器的特点 2
1.4 少齿差传动比的计算 2
1.5少齿差传动的研究现状 3
1.6 研究新型渐开线少齿差减速器的意义 5
2 减速器的总体方案设计 7
2.1 设计要求 7
2.2总体传动方案设计 7
2.3 电机的选择及各级传动参数的分配计算 8
2.3.1 电机的选取 8
2.3.2 传动比的分配 8
2.3.3 各级传动参数的计算 8
3 减速器传动齿轮副的设计 9
3.1第一级外啮合齿轮传动设计 9
3.1.1 齿轮材料的选取 9
3.1.2 按齿面接触疲劳强度初步设计 9
3.1.3 验算齿面接触疲劳强度 10
3.1.4 验算齿根弯曲疲劳强度 12
3.1.5 确定齿轮参数和主要尺寸 13
3.1.6 确定齿轮制造精度 13
3.2 第二级少齿差传动设计 14
3.2.1 齿轮齿数和精度 14
3.2.2 少齿差传动齿轮副的干涉及参数限制 14
3.2.3 变位系数和齿顶高系数的确定 18
3.2.4 插齿刀的选取与干涉检查 22
3.2.5 少齿差传动齿轮强度校核 23
3.2.6少齿差传动齿轮参数的确定 25
4 轴类零件的设计 26
4.1 偏心轴的设计与校核 26
4.1.1 轴材料的选择 26
4.1.2按扭矩初估轴的最小直径 26
4.1.3轴的结构设计 26
4.1.4轴的受力分析 27
4.1.5 轴的强度校核 30
4.1.6键联接的强度校核 32
4.2 输入轴的设计 32
4.2.1 轴材料的选取 32
4.2.2 按扭矩初估最小直径 32
4.2.3 联轴器的选择 33
4.3 输出轴的设计 33
4.3.1 轴的材料的选取 33
4.3.2 确定轴的最小直径 33
4.3.3 输出轴的结构设计 34
4.4 轴承的寿命 34
5 三维模型的建立和虚拟装配 36
5.1 SOLIDWORKS软件 36
5.2 各零件三维模型的建立 36
5.3 零件的虚拟装配 38
5.4 工程图纸 39
6 总结 40
致谢 41
参考文献 42
摘 要
少齿差减速器是一种新型减速器。它具有传动比大、体积小、重量轻、承载能力高等优点，符合现代机械的发展要求，在国防、冶金、起重、运输等机械中有广阔的应用前景。
当前有多种少齿差减速器设计制造出来，但是已有的方案大多存在结构和工艺复杂、加工制造成本高、高速重载下振动噪声大等问题，影响了这种减速器的广泛应用。针对这些问题，依据少齿差传动原理，在现存方案的基础上进行改进设计，提出一种新型的减速器设计方案。新的方案中传动系统分为两级，实现功率分流，得到较大的传动比。第一级采用圆柱齿轮外啮合传动，同时将动力传递到偏心轴上；第二级为少齿差传动，采用一对偏心轴和一对外齿环板对称布置，偏心轴的偏心段推动外齿轮与内齿圈啮合。该设计结构上大大简化，并且易于实现动平衡。整个减速器的主要零件均为回转体，齿轮为常用的渐开线齿轮，容易加工。输入输出轴在同一直线上，结构紧凑，安装使用方便。
本文的主要内容：依据少齿差传动的基本原理，对现有的少齿差减速器进行改进设计，提出新的设计方案，对新方案中的零件进行结构设计和强度校核。然后利用三维设计软件SolidWorks建立零件的三维模型,进行虚拟装配，并得到主要零件的工程图。
关键词：渐开线齿轮，少齿差传动，减速器，结构设计，三维模型，虚拟装配
ABSTRACT
Gear reducer with small teeth number difference is new-type with features as large driving ratio ,compact configuration ,low weight and great loading capacity as well as high driving efficiency ,which is up to latter-day machine . Rresultingly it will have a well application in the field of national defence , metallurgy ,lift ,traffic and so on.
Currently several kinds of reducer with small teeth number difference have been designed and manufactured ,some of which have been employed in practice .However ,it is also found that most of them have disadvantages such as complex configuration and craftwork ,high cost of manufacturing ,gear noise and vibration in high velocity and over loading ,that foreclose its application .In this situation according to the theory of driving with small teeth number difference ,a new mend design of reducer basing on existent blue print is put forward .The improvement that driving system is designed as two stages attains good power distribution and high transmission ratio .External cylindrical gear engage in first stage that drive the eccentric axle. The driving with small teeth number difference has a pair of eccentric axle and a pair of external gear which are Symmetrical layout ,that makes configuration greatly predigested and it easy to get dynamic balance .Most of accessories in the reducer are revolution object and common involute gear that are easily manufactured .Input axle and output axle at the same line makes configuration compact and easy to set and use .
The content talked about in this paper is as follow: Aaccording to the theory of driving with small teeth number difference ,a new mend design of reducer basing on existent blue print is put forward .Set parameters of the accessories and calculate validity of local strength .And then with the help of 3-D design software SolidWorks ,obtain 3-D models of accessories and finish virtual assembly .Finally draw engineering blueprint of central accessories .
Key words : involute gear ,driving with small teeth number difference ,gear reducer , structure design , 3-D model ,virtual assembly .
目 录
摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1 绪论 1
1.1 少齿差行星传动的概念 1
1.2 少齿差减速器的类型 1
1.3 少齿差减速器的特点 2
1.4 少齿差传动比的计算 2
1.5少齿差传动的研究现状 3
1.6 研究新型渐开线少齿差减速器的意义 5
2 减速器的总体方案设计 7
2.1 设计要求 7
2.2总体传动方案设计 7
2.3 电机的选择及各级传动参数的分配计算 8
2.3.1 电机的选取 8
2.3.2 传动比的分配 8
2.3.3 各级传动参数的计算 8
3 减速器传动齿轮副的设计 9
3.1第一级外啮合齿轮传动设计 9
3.1.1 齿轮材料的选取 9
3.1.2 按齿面接触疲劳强度初步设计 9
3.1.3 验算齿面接触疲劳强度 10
3.1.4 验算齿根弯曲疲劳强度 12
3.1.5 确定齿轮参数和主要尺寸 13
3.1.6 确定齿轮制造精度 13
3.2 第二级少齿差传动设计 14
3.2.1 齿轮齿数和精度 14
3.2.2 少齿差传动齿轮副的干涉及参数限制 14
3.2.3 变位系数和齿顶高系数的确定 18
3.2.4 插齿刀的选取与干涉检查 22
3.2.5 少齿差传动齿轮强度校核 23
3.2.6少齿差传动齿轮参数的确定 25
4 轴类零件的设计 26
4.1 偏心轴的设计与校核 26
4.1.1 轴材料的选择 26
4.1.2按扭矩初估轴的最小直径 26
4.1.3轴的结构设计 26
4.1.4轴的受力分析 27
4.1.5 轴的强度校核 30
4.1.6键联接的强度校核 32
4.2 输入轴的设计 32
4.2.1 轴材料的选取 32
4.2.2 按扭矩初估最小直径 32
4.2.3 联轴器的选择 33
4.3 输出轴的设计 33
4.3.1 轴的材料的选取 33
4.3.2 确定轴的最小直径 33
4.3.3 输出轴的结构设计 34
4.4 轴承的寿命 34
5 三维模型的建立和虚拟装配 36
5.1 SOLIDWORKS软件 36
5.2 各零件三维模型的建立 36
5.3 零件的虚拟装配 38
5.4 工程图纸 39
6 总结 40
致谢 41
参考文献 42
