电磁控制焊接温度场的数值模拟研究(本科毕业论文设计).doc
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电磁控制焊接温度场的数值模拟研究(本科毕业论文设计),摘要磁控焊接技术可以通过控制焊接接头内部的晶粒形态及其尺寸来获得良好的接头质量,它是近年完善起来的一种新的焊接技术,在航空、航天冶金、机械等部门具有广泛的应用前景和巨大的实用价值。磁控焊接是一个涉及电弧物理、传热、冶金和力学的复杂过程。焊接现象包括焊接时的电磁、传热过...
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电磁控制焊接温度场的数值模拟研究(本科毕业论文设计)
摘 要
磁控焊接技术可以通过控制焊接接头内部的晶粒形态及其尺寸来获得良好的接头质量,它是近年完善起来的一种新的焊接技术,在航空、航天冶金、机械等部门具有广泛的应用前景和巨大的实用价值。磁控焊接是一个涉及电弧物理、传热、冶金和力学的复杂过程。焊接现象包括焊接时的电磁、传热过程、金属的熔化和凝固、冷却时的相变、焊接应力和变形等。一旦能够实现对各种焊接现象的计算机模拟,就可以在较短的时间内通过模拟确定焊接结构和材料的最佳设计、最佳工艺方法和焊接参数,从而可以保证焊接接头质量。
本文通过数值和物理实验分析不同参数值时的焊接高斯分布模型,确定能够合理表述磁控焊接电弧的模型和参数,通过ANSYS软件对外加磁场作用下平板堆焊熔敷过程进行三维动态模拟。分析模拟所得温度场和应力场,比较不同焊接工艺参数下的温度场,同时对焊接温度场实测结果与模拟结果进行比较。研究表明:采用本文所提出的简单磁控焊接电弧模型在一定范围内能够较有效地对外加纵向磁场作用下平板堆焊熔敷过程进行模拟,其结果与实测结果基本吻合。
利用本文提出的模拟分析方法,可以对磁控堆焊熔敷热应力与残余应力进行预测。同时为优化焊接结构设计和焊接规范参数提供了理论依据和指导,促进了有限元分析技术在堆焊熔敷过程中的应用。
关键词:纵向磁场,数值模拟,温度场,应力场
ABSTRACT
The technology of welding under external magnetic field is a new welding technology improving in recent years, which have a widely application prospect and great practical value in aviation, aerospace, metallurgy, machinery and other departments, which could obtain good welding quality by controlling the internal grain shape and size of welded joints. Welding under external magnetic field is a complicated physicochemical process which involves in electromagnetism, heat transferring, metal melting and freezing, phase-change, welding stress and deformation and so on. Once the complicated physicochemical process of welding can be achieved in the computer simulation, it can determine the best design, best technique and welding parameters of welding structures and materials by the computer simulation in a short period of time, thus guarantee the quality of welded joints.
In this paper, the models of Gaussian distribution with different value of the standard deviation of Gaussian distribution are compared and analyzed by the numerical and physical experiment, a simple model with reasonable parameters of EMS welding surface deposit is built up. Using ANSYS, three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation of plate surface deposit welding is carried out. The simulate results are analyzed, and then compared the temperature field with different welding parameters, compared the temperature field of measure and simulation. The study shows that the model can simulate the plate surface deposit welding process under external longitudinal magnetic field effectively in a certain range, and the simulation results agree with the measured results.
The thermal stress and residual stress in the plate surface deposit welding process can be predicted by using the simulative analysis method in this paper. It is also provides a theoretical basis and guidance to optimizing the welding structure design and parameters, promotes the application of Finite Element Method on welding engineering.
Key words: Longitudinal magnetic field, Numerical Simulation, Temperature field, Stress field
目 录
中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1绪论 1
1.1课题背景及研究意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状和发展趋势 2
1.2.1焊接温度场的研究现状和发展趋势 2
1.2.2焊接应力场的研究现状和发展趋势 3
1.3研究的可行性 5
1.4课题主要研究内容 6
2 焊接过程有限元理论基础 7
2.1焊接过程有限元分析特点 7
2.2焊接温度场的分析理论 7
2.3焊接应力和应变的分析理论 8
2.4 ANSYS软件的介绍 9
2.4.1ANSYS软件的特点 9
2.4.2ANSYS软件的结构 9
3外加磁场作用下平板熔敷堆焊温度场数值模拟分析 11
3.1磁控焊接电弧模型的建立 11
3.2前处理 11
3.2.1建模 11
3.2.2材料特性参数 12
3.2.3确定单元类型和网格划分 13
3.3载荷施加和求解 14
3.3.1时间步长的确定 14
3.3.2边界条件处理 14
3.3.3热源模型的确定 15
3.3.4移动热源的加载及求解命令流 15
3.4温度场后处理 16
3.4.1焊接温度场的分布云图 16
3.4.2不同焊接工艺参数下的温度场分布云图的比较 17
3.4.3焊接过程中的温度曲线分析 21
3.5结果验证 22
4外加磁场作用下平板熔敷堆焊应力场的数值模拟分析 26
4.1焊接应力场的计算方法 26
4.2焊接过程动态应力应变的分析 26
4.2.1焊接过程中应力场分布云图 26
4.2.2焊接过程中的应力曲线分析 28
5结论 31
6展望 32
致谢 33
参考文献 34
摘 要
磁控焊接技术可以通过控制焊接接头内部的晶粒形态及其尺寸来获得良好的接头质量,它是近年完善起来的一种新的焊接技术,在航空、航天冶金、机械等部门具有广泛的应用前景和巨大的实用价值。磁控焊接是一个涉及电弧物理、传热、冶金和力学的复杂过程。焊接现象包括焊接时的电磁、传热过程、金属的熔化和凝固、冷却时的相变、焊接应力和变形等。一旦能够实现对各种焊接现象的计算机模拟,就可以在较短的时间内通过模拟确定焊接结构和材料的最佳设计、最佳工艺方法和焊接参数,从而可以保证焊接接头质量。
本文通过数值和物理实验分析不同参数值时的焊接高斯分布模型,确定能够合理表述磁控焊接电弧的模型和参数,通过ANSYS软件对外加磁场作用下平板堆焊熔敷过程进行三维动态模拟。分析模拟所得温度场和应力场,比较不同焊接工艺参数下的温度场,同时对焊接温度场实测结果与模拟结果进行比较。研究表明:采用本文所提出的简单磁控焊接电弧模型在一定范围内能够较有效地对外加纵向磁场作用下平板堆焊熔敷过程进行模拟,其结果与实测结果基本吻合。
利用本文提出的模拟分析方法,可以对磁控堆焊熔敷热应力与残余应力进行预测。同时为优化焊接结构设计和焊接规范参数提供了理论依据和指导,促进了有限元分析技术在堆焊熔敷过程中的应用。
关键词:纵向磁场,数值模拟,温度场,应力场
ABSTRACT
The technology of welding under external magnetic field is a new welding technology improving in recent years, which have a widely application prospect and great practical value in aviation, aerospace, metallurgy, machinery and other departments, which could obtain good welding quality by controlling the internal grain shape and size of welded joints. Welding under external magnetic field is a complicated physicochemical process which involves in electromagnetism, heat transferring, metal melting and freezing, phase-change, welding stress and deformation and so on. Once the complicated physicochemical process of welding can be achieved in the computer simulation, it can determine the best design, best technique and welding parameters of welding structures and materials by the computer simulation in a short period of time, thus guarantee the quality of welded joints.
In this paper, the models of Gaussian distribution with different value of the standard deviation of Gaussian distribution are compared and analyzed by the numerical and physical experiment, a simple model with reasonable parameters of EMS welding surface deposit is built up. Using ANSYS, three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation of plate surface deposit welding is carried out. The simulate results are analyzed, and then compared the temperature field with different welding parameters, compared the temperature field of measure and simulation. The study shows that the model can simulate the plate surface deposit welding process under external longitudinal magnetic field effectively in a certain range, and the simulation results agree with the measured results.
The thermal stress and residual stress in the plate surface deposit welding process can be predicted by using the simulative analysis method in this paper. It is also provides a theoretical basis and guidance to optimizing the welding structure design and parameters, promotes the application of Finite Element Method on welding engineering.
Key words: Longitudinal magnetic field, Numerical Simulation, Temperature field, Stress field
目 录
中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1绪论 1
1.1课题背景及研究意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状和发展趋势 2
1.2.1焊接温度场的研究现状和发展趋势 2
1.2.2焊接应力场的研究现状和发展趋势 3
1.3研究的可行性 5
1.4课题主要研究内容 6
2 焊接过程有限元理论基础 7
2.1焊接过程有限元分析特点 7
2.2焊接温度场的分析理论 7
2.3焊接应力和应变的分析理论 8
2.4 ANSYS软件的介绍 9
2.4.1ANSYS软件的特点 9
2.4.2ANSYS软件的结构 9
3外加磁场作用下平板熔敷堆焊温度场数值模拟分析 11
3.1磁控焊接电弧模型的建立 11
3.2前处理 11
3.2.1建模 11
3.2.2材料特性参数 12
3.2.3确定单元类型和网格划分 13
3.3载荷施加和求解 14
3.3.1时间步长的确定 14
3.3.2边界条件处理 14
3.3.3热源模型的确定 15
3.3.4移动热源的加载及求解命令流 15
3.4温度场后处理 16
3.4.1焊接温度场的分布云图 16
3.4.2不同焊接工艺参数下的温度场分布云图的比较 17
3.4.3焊接过程中的温度曲线分析 21
3.5结果验证 22
4外加磁场作用下平板熔敷堆焊应力场的数值模拟分析 26
4.1焊接应力场的计算方法 26
4.2焊接过程动态应力应变的分析 26
4.2.1焊接过程中应力场分布云图 26
4.2.2焊接过程中的应力曲线分析 28
5结论 31
6展望 32
致谢 33
参考文献 34