风力发电机组塔架结构动力学分析（本科毕业论文设计）.doc
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风力发电机组塔架结构动力学分析（本科毕业论文设计）,摘要随着风力发电机组的大型化，机组塔架的优化设计问题日益突出。为了降低成本，减轻重量，这就需要探讨新的设计方法、应用新的设计技术。本文以静力学、动力学、有限元的基本理论基础，以塔架优化设计为目的，分析研究了影响塔架设计的静强度、模态等关键因素，研究了这些因素在塔架优化设...
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风力发电机组塔架结构动力学分析（本科毕业论文设计）
摘 要
随着风力发电机组的大型化，机组塔架的优化设计问题日益突出。为了降低成本，减轻重量，这就需要探讨新的设计方法、应用新的设计技术。本文以静力学、动力学、有限元的基本理论基础，以塔架优化设计为目的，分析研究了影响塔架设计的静强度、模态等关键因素，研究了这些因素在塔架优化设计中的作用和地位，讨论了风力发电机承载部件——塔架在设计和优化时的有限元建模及分析计算的方法。为大型风力发电机组承载部件的分析和设计提供了科学可靠的依据。
本文基于有限元法的基本理论，对塔架进行了以下研究：
1.利用有限元方法静态分析的基本理论，根据风力发电机组塔架的力学性能（即受力状态）、结构特点（边界条件）和工况（载荷）等，建立有限元模型。
2.根据动力学有限元的基本原理，讨论模态分析时有限元模型建立的原则和方法，并且分析塔架固有频率的特点，研究地基刚度、机舱与塔架固有频率之间的关系。
3.根据静力学有限元基本原理，讨论极限载荷时，塔架应力、应变状况。
4.以优化设计和有限元方法为理论基础，讨论在对塔架进行优化设计时应注意的问题，为塔架的结构设计和优化提供依据。
关键词：风力发电机，塔架，有限单元法，极限强度分析，模态分析
ABSTRACT
With the development of large-scale wind turbine, the optimal design problems of the tower have become increasingly prominent. In order to reduce costs and weight, it needs to explore new methods of design, and application of new design technologies.
Based on the statics, dynamics, and the basic theoretical foundation of finite element, this thesis whose purpose is to optimize the design of the tower analyzes the key factors impacting the static strength, modal. And it also studies the role and status of these factors mentioned above while the designing of the tower optimization, and discusses modeling and analysis of the calculation method of the wind turbine bearing components, tower, while the process of the tower being designed and optimizing. So this thesis provides a reliable scientific basis for the analysis and design of the large wind turbine components bearing.
Based on the finite element method the basic theory, the tower was on the following:
1. The establishment of finite element model is based on the basic theory of finite element method of static analysis, and the mechanical properties of the wind turbine tower.
2. According to the basic principles of dynamics finite element, the principles and methods of establishment of finite element model is discussed. In addition, the characteristics of natural frequency of tower are analyses, and the relationship between the foundation stiffness of tower, the cabin and the natural frequency of tower.
3. Based on basic principles of statics finite element, under the limit load, the situations of the tower stress and strain are discussed.
4. The issues should be pay attention in optimal design are discussed under the theoretical foundation of optimal design and finite element, and provide the basis for the structure design of tower and optimal design.
Key words：Wind turbine, Tower, Finite element method, Ultimate strength analysis, Modal analysis
目 录
中文摘要 2
ABSTRACT 1
1 绪论 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 风力发电机组技术发展现状概述 2
1.2.1 国外技术现状 3
1.2.2 国内技术现状 3
1.3 风力发电机组塔架的设计 4
1.3.1 风力发电机组塔架概述 4
1.3.2 风力发电机组塔架的设计 4
1.3.3 塔架设计中的计算方法 5
1.4 有限元方法的应用 6
1.4.1 有限元方法在现代机械设计中的应用现状 6
1.4.2有限元方法在塔架设计中的应用现状与要求 7
1.5 本论文的研究内容与完成的工作 8
2 塔架有限元模型的建立 11
2.1. 塔架几何模型的生成 11
2.2 单元选择及网格划分 13
2.3塔架材料属性及边界条件 16
3 塔架的极限强度分析 20
3.1 塔架极限强度的意义 20
3.2塔架极限强度分析 20
3.2.1确定受力情况和边界条件 17
3.2.2有限元强度结果和分析 错误！未定义书签。
3.3极限强度分析结果讨论 22
4 塔架模态分析 24
4.1塔架模态的意义 24
4.2 模态分析的理论基础 24
4.3 塔架模态分析建模 25
4.4塔架模态分析结果及讨论 25
5 结论与展望 29
5.1主要结论 29
5.2 相关方向展望 29
致 谢 31
参考文献 32
摘 要
随着风力发电机组的大型化，机组塔架的优化设计问题日益突出。为了降低成本，减轻重量，这就需要探讨新的设计方法、应用新的设计技术。本文以静力学、动力学、有限元的基本理论基础，以塔架优化设计为目的，分析研究了影响塔架设计的静强度、模态等关键因素，研究了这些因素在塔架优化设计中的作用和地位，讨论了风力发电机承载部件——塔架在设计和优化时的有限元建模及分析计算的方法。为大型风力发电机组承载部件的分析和设计提供了科学可靠的依据。
本文基于有限元法的基本理论，对塔架进行了以下研究：
1.利用有限元方法静态分析的基本理论，根据风力发电机组塔架的力学性能（即受力状态）、结构特点（边界条件）和工况（载荷）等，建立有限元模型。
2.根据动力学有限元的基本原理，讨论模态分析时有限元模型建立的原则和方法，并且分析塔架固有频率的特点，研究地基刚度、机舱与塔架固有频率之间的关系。
3.根据静力学有限元基本原理，讨论极限载荷时，塔架应力、应变状况。
4.以优化设计和有限元方法为理论基础，讨论在对塔架进行优化设计时应注意的问题，为塔架的结构设计和优化提供依据。
关键词：风力发电机，塔架，有限单元法，极限强度分析，模态分析
ABSTRACT
With the development of large-scale wind turbine, the optimal design problems of the tower have become increasingly prominent. In order to reduce costs and weight, it needs to explore new methods of design, and application of new design technologies.
Based on the statics, dynamics, and the basic theoretical foundation of finite element, this thesis whose purpose is to optimize the design of the tower analyzes the key factors impacting the static strength, modal. And it also studies the role and status of these factors mentioned above while the designing of the tower optimization, and discusses modeling and analysis of the calculation method of the wind turbine bearing components, tower, while the process of the tower being designed and optimizing. So this thesis provides a reliable scientific basis for the analysis and design of the large wind turbine components bearing.
Based on the finite element method the basic theory, the tower was on the following:
1. The establishment of finite element model is based on the basic theory of finite element method of static analysis, and the mechanical properties of the wind turbine tower.
2. According to the basic principles of dynamics finite element, the principles and methods of establishment of finite element model is discussed. In addition, the characteristics of natural frequency of tower are analyses, and the relationship between the foundation stiffness of tower, the cabin and the natural frequency of tower.
3. Based on basic principles of statics finite element, under the limit load, the situations of the tower stress and strain are discussed.
4. The issues should be pay attention in optimal design are discussed under the theoretical foundation of optimal design and finite element, and provide the basis for the structure design of tower and optimal design.
Key words：Wind turbine, Tower, Finite element method, Ultimate strength analysis, Modal analysis
目 录
中文摘要 2
ABSTRACT 1
1 绪论 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 风力发电机组技术发展现状概述 2
1.2.1 国外技术现状 3
1.2.2 国内技术现状 3
1.3 风力发电机组塔架的设计 4
1.3.1 风力发电机组塔架概述 4
1.3.2 风力发电机组塔架的设计 4
1.3.3 塔架设计中的计算方法 5
1.4 有限元方法的应用 6
1.4.1 有限元方法在现代机械设计中的应用现状 6
1.4.2有限元方法在塔架设计中的应用现状与要求 7
1.5 本论文的研究内容与完成的工作 8
2 塔架有限元模型的建立 11
2.1. 塔架几何模型的生成 11
2.2 单元选择及网格划分 13
2.3塔架材料属性及边界条件 16
3 塔架的极限强度分析 20
3.1 塔架极限强度的意义 20
3.2塔架极限强度分析 20
3.2.1确定受力情况和边界条件 17
3.2.2有限元强度结果和分析 错误！未定义书签。
3.3极限强度分析结果讨论 22
4 塔架模态分析 24
4.1塔架模态的意义 24
4.2 模态分析的理论基础 24
4.3 塔架模态分析建模 25
4.4塔架模态分析结果及讨论 25
5 结论与展望 29
5.1主要结论 29
5.2 相关方向展望 29
致 谢 31
参考文献 32
