焊接坡口形状与残余应力应变关系分析（本科毕业论文设计）.doc
约34页DOC格式手机打开展开
焊接坡口形状与残余应力应变关系分析（本科毕业论文设计）,摘要由焊接产生的动态应力应变过程及其随后形成的残余应力，是导致焊接裂纹和接头强度与性能下降的重要因素。迄今为止，焊接残余应力一直是人们关注的热点问题。而不同的坡口类型在进行焊接时残余应力和焊接变形都不尽相同。因此，焊接坡口形状与残余应力应变关系的分析，对焊接的发展和...
内容介绍
此文档由会员 cglina 发布
焊接坡口形状与残余应力应变关系分析（本科毕业论文设计）
摘 要
由焊接产生的动态应力应变过程及其随后形成的残余应力，是导致焊接裂纹和接头强度与性能下降的重要因素。迄今为止，焊接残余应力一直是人们关注的热点问题。而不同的坡口类型在进行焊接时残余应力和焊接变形都不尽相同。因此，焊接坡口形状与残余应力应变关系的分析，对焊接的发展和研究有着重要的意义。
本课题的目的是研究焊接坡口形状与残余应力应变的关系。残余应力和应变相互联系，一般残余应力大的地方，焊接变形也比较大。对于不同形状的坡口，坡口横截面越大，熔敷金属的量越大，焊接变形也就越大，相应的残余应力也呈增大趋势。本课题使用有限元分析软件ANSYS，通过对V形，Y形和U形三种形状焊接坡口模型进行加载求解，数值模拟焊接残余应力和焊接变形。模拟得到的结果是Y形，V形和U形三种形状焊接坡口模型施焊后，最大变形量和最大残余应力值依次递增。本次模拟的结果与实验所得基本吻合，故使用 ansys软件建立的数值模拟分析方法，能够较准确的模拟出焊接时瞬态应力场和焊接变形，为工程实践提供依据。
关键词：坡口类型，残余应力，焊接变形，ANSYS，数值模拟
ABSTRACT
The dynamic stress and strain process created by welding and the subsequent residual stress is the important factor resulting to welding cracks and joint strength and declining performance. So far, the welding residual stress has been a hot issue of concern. And the welding residual stress and deformation of different shapes of groove are different. Therefore, analysis of the relationship between the welding groove shape and the welding residual stress and strain is important for the welding research and development.
The purpose of this task is to study the relationship between the welding groove shape and the welding residual stress and strain. Residual stress is related to the deformation. In general, the location where the welding residual stress is large has large welding deformation. For the different shapes of the groove, the larger groove cross-section is, the larger amount of metal cladding, the greater welding deformation, and the trend of the residual stress is also increasing. This paper uses finite element analysis software ANSYS, loading and solving the V-shaped Y-shaped and U-shaped three welding groove model, and finally getting the numerical simulation of welding residual stress and welding deformation. The numerical simulation results are that, the largest deformation and residual stress of the Y-shaped V-shaped and U-shaped three welding groove model increases by degrees. The simulations are basically consistent with the experimental result, so the numerical simulation analysis of software ANSYS can simulate accurately for the welding transient stress field and welding deformation, and provide the basis for engineering practice.
Key words: groove shape, residual stress, welding deformation, ansys, numerical simulation
目 录
中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1绪论 1
1.1课题背景及课题意义 1
1.2国内外现状分析 2
1.2.1 焊接残余应力的有限元模拟 2
1.2.2 不同坡口形式与残余应力应变 2
1.3研究内容 3
2有限元基础及ANSYS软件功能简介 4
2.1有限元法基本理论 4
2.2 ANSYS软件的概述 4
2.2.1与CAD软件的无缝集成 4
2.2.2极为强大的网格处理能力 5
2.2.3高精度非线性问题求解 5
2.2.4强大的耦合场求解能力 5
2.2.5程序面向用户的开放性 6
2.3 Ansys基本操作 6
2.3.1 建立有限元模型 6
2.3.2 施加载荷并求解 6
2.3.3 查看分析结果 7
2.4 网格的划分 7
2.4.1网格数量 7
2.4.2网格疏密 8
2.4.3单元阶次 8
2.4.4网格质量 8
2.4.5网格分界面和分界点 9
2.4.6位移协调性 9
2.4.7网格布局 9
2.4.8节点和单元编号 9
2.5 Ansys软件的意义 9
3常见焊接坡口形状与焊接残余应力应变 11
3.1常见焊接坡口形状 11
3.1.1 对接接头坡口 11
3.1.2 T 形接头坡口 11
3.1.3 角接接头坡口 12
3.2焊接残余应力应变 12
3.2.1残余应力的产生 12
3.2.2焊接应力和变形的原因及分类 13
3.2.3焊接残余应力和变形 14
3.2.4减少焊接应力和焊接变形的措施 15
4用ANSYS对3种坡口的焊接变形进行分析 18
4.1问题描述 18
4.2有限元模型的建立 18
4.2.1定义材料属性 19
4.2.2创建模型 19
4.2.3网格划分 20
4.3加载求解 21
4.3.1加载边界条件 21
4.3.2施加载荷步与求解 22
5仿真结果及分析 23
5.1焊接残余变形 23
5.2焊接残余应力 25
5.3小结 27
6结论 28
致谢 29
参考文献 30
摘 要
由焊接产生的动态应力应变过程及其随后形成的残余应力，是导致焊接裂纹和接头强度与性能下降的重要因素。迄今为止，焊接残余应力一直是人们关注的热点问题。而不同的坡口类型在进行焊接时残余应力和焊接变形都不尽相同。因此，焊接坡口形状与残余应力应变关系的分析，对焊接的发展和研究有着重要的意义。
本课题的目的是研究焊接坡口形状与残余应力应变的关系。残余应力和应变相互联系，一般残余应力大的地方，焊接变形也比较大。对于不同形状的坡口，坡口横截面越大，熔敷金属的量越大，焊接变形也就越大，相应的残余应力也呈增大趋势。本课题使用有限元分析软件ANSYS，通过对V形，Y形和U形三种形状焊接坡口模型进行加载求解，数值模拟焊接残余应力和焊接变形。模拟得到的结果是Y形，V形和U形三种形状焊接坡口模型施焊后，最大变形量和最大残余应力值依次递增。本次模拟的结果与实验所得基本吻合，故使用 ansys软件建立的数值模拟分析方法，能够较准确的模拟出焊接时瞬态应力场和焊接变形，为工程实践提供依据。
关键词：坡口类型，残余应力，焊接变形，ANSYS，数值模拟
ABSTRACT
The dynamic stress and strain process created by welding and the subsequent residual stress is the important factor resulting to welding cracks and joint strength and declining performance. So far, the welding residual stress has been a hot issue of concern. And the welding residual stress and deformation of different shapes of groove are different. Therefore, analysis of the relationship between the welding groove shape and the welding residual stress and strain is important for the welding research and development.
The purpose of this task is to study the relationship between the welding groove shape and the welding residual stress and strain. Residual stress is related to the deformation. In general, the location where the welding residual stress is large has large welding deformation. For the different shapes of the groove, the larger groove cross-section is, the larger amount of metal cladding, the greater welding deformation, and the trend of the residual stress is also increasing. This paper uses finite element analysis software ANSYS, loading and solving the V-shaped Y-shaped and U-shaped three welding groove model, and finally getting the numerical simulation of welding residual stress and welding deformation. The numerical simulation results are that, the largest deformation and residual stress of the Y-shaped V-shaped and U-shaped three welding groove model increases by degrees. The simulations are basically consistent with the experimental result, so the numerical simulation analysis of software ANSYS can simulate accurately for the welding transient stress field and welding deformation, and provide the basis for engineering practice.
Key words: groove shape, residual stress, welding deformation, ansys, numerical simulation
目 录
中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1绪论 1
1.1课题背景及课题意义 1
1.2国内外现状分析 2
1.2.1 焊接残余应力的有限元模拟 2
1.2.2 不同坡口形式与残余应力应变 2
1.3研究内容 3
2有限元基础及ANSYS软件功能简介 4
2.1有限元法基本理论 4
2.2 ANSYS软件的概述 4
2.2.1与CAD软件的无缝集成 4
2.2.2极为强大的网格处理能力 5
2.2.3高精度非线性问题求解 5
2.2.4强大的耦合场求解能力 5
2.2.5程序面向用户的开放性 6
2.3 Ansys基本操作 6
2.3.1 建立有限元模型 6
2.3.2 施加载荷并求解 6
2.3.3 查看分析结果 7
2.4 网格的划分 7
2.4.1网格数量 7
2.4.2网格疏密 8
2.4.3单元阶次 8
2.4.4网格质量 8
2.4.5网格分界面和分界点 9
2.4.6位移协调性 9
2.4.7网格布局 9
2.4.8节点和单元编号 9
2.5 Ansys软件的意义 9
3常见焊接坡口形状与焊接残余应力应变 11
3.1常见焊接坡口形状 11
3.1.1 对接接头坡口 11
3.1.2 T 形接头坡口 11
3.1.3 角接接头坡口 12
3.2焊接残余应力应变 12
3.2.1残余应力的产生 12
3.2.2焊接应力和变形的原因及分类 13
3.2.3焊接残余应力和变形 14
3.2.4减少焊接应力和焊接变形的措施 15
4用ANSYS对3种坡口的焊接变形进行分析 18
4.1问题描述 18
4.2有限元模型的建立 18
4.2.1定义材料属性 19
4.2.2创建模型 19
4.2.3网格划分 20
4.3加载求解 21
4.3.1加载边界条件 21
4.3.2施加载荷步与求解 22
5仿真结果及分析 23
5.1焊接残余变形 23
5.2焊接残余应力 25
5.3小结 27
6结论 28
致谢 29
参考文献 30
