基于dspace的重型车试验测试系统研究（本科毕业论文设计）.doc

基于dSPACE的重型车试验测试系统研究（本科毕业论文设计）
摘 要

由于重型车辆的使用条件极为恶劣 ,变速器负载大档位多 ,选换档操纵沉重 ,使驾驶员劳动强度大。结合中国汽车工业的现状，机械自动变速器 AMT（Automatic Mechanical Transmission）在重型车辆上的运用成为一个很有实际意义的问题。而研究这个问题需要大量的重型车相关数据支持，本文所阐述的基于dSPACED 的重型车实验测试系统就在这种背景下产生了。
本文所介绍的实验测试系统的由硬件和软件两部分组成。硬件主要有档位传感器、离合器位移传感器、加速度传感器、电荷放大器、硬件系统dSPACE原型AutoBox、350W电源逆变器（由车载蓄电池给笔记本供电）以及笔记本电脑组成。软件部分是测试系统的核心，测试系统通过程序将通用计算机和dSPACE硬件结合起来，用户首先在Simulink环境下建立测试系统模型，验证算法的正确性，控制模型框图生成后，用 RTW/ Build 工具自动生成C代码，再经过编译、连接生成可执行代码并下载至 AutoBox 中。最后用ControlDesk软件建立测试系统监控界面，监控实验过程并且保存实验数据。
本文介绍的重型商用车性能测试系统通过dSPACE来完成对传感器发出信号以及通过CAN读取发动机相关信号的采集、处理、分析、显示以及保存。同时也具有扩展能力强、过渡性好、组合性强等优点，完全符合所设想的要求


关键词：dSPACE，CAN总线，重型商用车

ABSTRACT

Because of the extremely bad conditions in using heavy vehicles, the heavy loads, stalls together with the heavy manipulation of the election shift, the driver’s labour is quite intensive. Based on the present status of the Chinese auto industry, the use of machinery automatic transmission AMT (Automatic Mechanical Transmission) in heavy vehicles is very practical. As the study of this issue requires a large amount of data on heavy vehicles, this paper will elaborated the experimental test system of heavy vehicles which is based on by the dSPACED.
The experimental test system presented in this paper composes two parts----the hardware and the software. The hardware is mainly composed by stall sensors, clutch displacement sensor, acceleration sensor, charge amplifier, the prototype hardware system dSPACE AutoBox, 350W power inverter (supplying electricity from car batteries to laptop power) and notebook computer components. The software is the core of the test system. The test system combines computer and dSPACE hardware through a computer program, then the user establishes a model test system in Simulink environment first to verify the correctness of algorithms, after the generating of model diagram, generates C code with RTW / Build tools automatically, then through another compiler, connect and download executable code generation to the AutoBox. Finally, establish a monitoring interface of the test system through ControlDesk software to monitor the process of the experiment and save the experimental data.
The performance test systems of heavy commercial vehicles presented in this paper completes sending signal to the sensors through dSPACE, collecting, processing, analyzing, displaying and preserveing the engine-related signal through CAN. At the same time it also has advantages such as strong extending ability, strong transition ability and strong combination ability, which are of full compliance with the requirements.


Key words: dSPACE, CAN bus and heavy commercial vehicles

目 录

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1绪论 1
1.1课题研究的目的和意义1 2
1.2现代测试技术3 2
1.3本课题研究的主要内容 3
2 总体设计思路介绍 3
3 dSPACE实时仿真系统介绍 4
3.1 dSPACE实时系统具有很多其他仿真系统所不能比拟的优点 4
3.2 dSPACE控制系统开发软件 5
3.2.1 Simulink介绍 5
3.2.2 Real一time Workshop(RTW)软件 6
3.2.3 代码生成和下载软件RTI 6
3.3基于dSPACE的控制系统开发步骤 6
4 CAN通信特点及协议介绍 8
4.1CAN的基本知识 8
4.2 CAN的技术规范 9
4.2.1 CAN通信协议的分层和物理结构 10
4.2.2 帧结构和报文的传送位 12
4.3 CAN应用层协议介绍 13
4.4 CAN通信节点相关硬件 13
4.4.1 CAN通信网络通信节点构成 13
4.4.2 CAN通信控制器SJA1000 14
4.4.3 CAN通信收发器PCA82C250 16
5实验研究 18
5.1测试系统的布置与传感器的选择.....................................................................18
5.1.1传感器的选择 18
5.1.2测试系统的布置.......................................................................................18
5.2 发动机参数的读取......................................................................................19
5.3 档位判断方法............................................................................................20
5.4 实验过程..................................................................................................22
5.5 实验结果举例............................................................................................24
6总结........................................................................................................28
参考文献 29
致谢 30