基于紧急释放机构的ptm机组电动冲击器设计（本科毕业论文设计）.doc
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基于紧急释放机构的ptm机组电动冲击器设计（本科毕业论文设计）,摘要本次设计是针对铝厂所面临的实际困难选题的。铝厂中铝电解槽的维护主要由多功能天车来完成，其主要功能是对所结炭化壳面的加工（击碎），这主要由其上面的打击装置来完成。目前的铝电解多工天车上的装置主要是液压的和气压的。由于气动冲击时，压缩气体作为窗洞戒指的能量密度要求高，而且能量利用率也低，而且气动冲击机构的冲击能量很难以...
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摘 要
本次设计是针对铝厂所面临的实际困难选题的。铝厂中铝电解槽的维护主要由多功能天车来完成，其主要功能是对所结炭化壳面的加工（击碎），这主要由其上面的打击装置来完成。目前的铝电解多工天车上的装置主要是液压的和气压的。由于气动冲击时，压缩气体作为窗洞戒指的能量密度要求高，而且能量利用率也低，而且气动冲击机构的冲击能量很难以大幅度提高，而且能量耗大，噪声也大大超过环保标准，而液压冲击器的动力介质是液压油，必须用另外一种介质来冲洗炮孔排渣，同时这两种目前利用最广泛的冲击器造价昂贵，且结构复杂，操作起来对工作人员的身体健康有影响。本次设计所选的为利用电动的方式开发一种更简单，造价便宜的冲击器。利用电动主要是能源上来说干净。而且电动的冲击力大，这样下来无疑给电解铝节约一笔很大的开支。若能推广更是效益不菲。设计的大机器主要是通过曲柄连杆-弹簧系统实现打击的，它具有造价低、结构简单、占地面积少、使用维护方便的特点。
已空气为动能它不像液压油那样，它会因为再和的增加儿压缩，再和的减少而膨胀，它的变化主要取决于再和的大小，只重视打击力度，增加垂头的自身质量，而忽略再和大小，同样造成垂头回程困难的不利因素。在铝电解过程中，气动打壳下料系统始终处于粉尘大，温度高，磁场强的恶劣环境，电解铝——液体的热传递，热辐射直接造成密封件过早的出现龟裂，性能硬化。夏季润滑油因高温渗漏、挥发、冬季室内外温差大，空气水易析出，漂浮在缸内，市区润滑，始终处于干摩擦状态，所以，在这种不利条件下，克服这些特点。
本次设计方案的设计包括：弹簧的设计、时域分析、电动机的设计及减速传动机构的设计，润滑装置的设计等等。
ABSTRACT
The subject of design is proposed for the difficulty that most aluminum factories face. The manufacture of tank for dissociating aluminum is finished by all-purpose car that is hung highly above head. It includes the main function that is to strike the carbonization surface. We main depend on the stricken machine to finish it .At present, there are only two types of the carbonization surface-stricken hammer. As pneumatic shocks compressed gases as a transmission medium high energy density requirements. But also the end of the energy utilization, but the impact of pneumatic impact energy is difficult to substantially increased, and energy consumption. Noise also significantly exceeded environmental standards, and hydraulic impact on the dynamic medium of hydraulic oil, must use anther kind of ring to wash deslagging hole. But it is currently using two of the most extensive impact on the cost, and complex structure, operation up to. The dsign chosen for the use of electric development of a simpler, cheaper cost of the impactor. Using electrical energy is clean run. And the impact of electric power, so down to the smelter will undoubtedly save a lot of expenditure. If efficiency is to promote more expensive. Design blow for primarily through the crank rod-spring system fighting, it is low cost and simple structure, small footprint, ease of.
Kinetic energy to the air, it is not as hydraulic oil, it will be because of the increasing load compression, load reduction and expansion. It mainly depends on the load changes in the size, only to the crackdown, increasing the hammer head-body quality, neglect load size, the same difficulties caused Hammers return of adverse factors. In the electrolytic process, pneumatic sheller cutting system is always dust, temperature, magnetic field strong adverse environment, electrolytic aluminum heat transfer liquid, direct thermal radiation causing premature seal the emergence of crack, performance sclerosis. Summer high temperature lubricants for leakage, evaporation, winter indoor and outdoor temperature, air water easily precipitate, floating in tanks, loss of lubrication, always in a state of dry friction, therefore, in such adverse conditions, overcome these features.
The design includes: spring design, time-domain analysis, electrical design and deceleration drive the design, lubricating device design, and so on.
目 录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
引言 1
1 机构的方案设计 2
1.1课题的设计目的 2
2.2设计的参数和功能要求 2
1.2.1铝电解槽 2
1.2.2电动打击器的要求 3
1.2.3电动打击器的设计性能参数 3
1.3机构的方案设计与选择 3
2 弹簧的设计和时域分析 5
2.1弹簧的设计 5
2.1.1选择材料和确定许用应力 5
2.1.2选择旋绕比 5
2.1.3计算钢丝直径 5
2.1.4计算弹簧的中径 6
2.1.5计算弹簧的的圈数 6
2.1.6计算弹簧的自由高度 7
2.1.7弹簧的螺旋角 7
2.1.8弹簧的节距 7
2.1.9弹簧的稳定性计算 7
2.1.10弹簧的长度 7
2.1.11弹簧实际性能参数 7
2.1.12弹簧的工作图 7
2.2时域分析 8
3 冲击锤和钳口滑块的尺寸设计 14
3.1冲击锤 14
3.2钳口滑块 14
4 电动机的选择及电动机的计算 16
4.1传动类型的确定 16
4.2传动路线的设计确定 17
4.3动力机的选择依据 18
4.4电动机的功率计算 18
4.5电机的校核 22
5 减速传动机构零部件计算 23
5.1大小圆锥齿轮的设计计算 23
5.1.1选取材料 23
5.1.2根据齿面接触强度初步确定参数 23
5.1.3验算齿根弯曲疲劳强度校核 24
5.1.4确定齿轮的参数 25
5.1.5确定齿轮的制造精度 25
5.2高速轴的设计 25
5.2.1选轴的材料 25
5.2.2确定轴的最小直径..
本次设计是针对铝厂所面临的实际困难选题的。铝厂中铝电解槽的维护主要由多功能天车来完成，其主要功能是对所结炭化壳面的加工（击碎），这主要由其上面的打击装置来完成。目前的铝电解多工天车上的装置主要是液压的和气压的。由于气动冲击时，压缩气体作为窗洞戒指的能量密度要求高，而且能量利用率也低，而且气动冲击机构的冲击能量很难以大幅度提高，而且能量耗大，噪声也大大超过环保标准，而液压冲击器的动力介质是液压油，必须用另外一种介质来冲洗炮孔排渣，同时这两种目前利用最广泛的冲击器造价昂贵，且结构复杂，操作起来对工作人员的身体健康有影响。本次设计所选的为利用电动的方式开发一种更简单，造价便宜的冲击器。利用电动主要是能源上来说干净。而且电动的冲击力大，这样下来无疑给电解铝节约一笔很大的开支。若能推广更是效益不菲。设计的大机器主要是通过曲柄连杆-弹簧系统实现打击的，它具有造价低、结构简单、占地面积少、使用维护方便的特点。
已空气为动能它不像液压油那样，它会因为再和的增加儿压缩，再和的减少而膨胀，它的变化主要取决于再和的大小，只重视打击力度，增加垂头的自身质量，而忽略再和大小，同样造成垂头回程困难的不利因素。在铝电解过程中，气动打壳下料系统始终处于粉尘大，温度高，磁场强的恶劣环境，电解铝——液体的热传递，热辐射直接造成密封件过早的出现龟裂，性能硬化。夏季润滑油因高温渗漏、挥发、冬季室内外温差大，空气水易析出，漂浮在缸内，市区润滑，始终处于干摩擦状态，所以，在这种不利条件下，克服这些特点。
本次设计方案的设计包括：弹簧的设计、时域分析、电动机的设计及减速传动机构的设计，润滑装置的设计等等。
ABSTRACT
The subject of design is proposed for the difficulty that most aluminum factories face. The manufacture of tank for dissociating aluminum is finished by all-purpose car that is hung highly above head. It includes the main function that is to strike the carbonization surface. We main depend on the stricken machine to finish it .At present, there are only two types of the carbonization surface-stricken hammer. As pneumatic shocks compressed gases as a transmission medium high energy density requirements. But also the end of the energy utilization, but the impact of pneumatic impact energy is difficult to substantially increased, and energy consumption. Noise also significantly exceeded environmental standards, and hydraulic impact on the dynamic medium of hydraulic oil, must use anther kind of ring to wash deslagging hole. But it is currently using two of the most extensive impact on the cost, and complex structure, operation up to. The dsign chosen for the use of electric development of a simpler, cheaper cost of the impactor. Using electrical energy is clean run. And the impact of electric power, so down to the smelter will undoubtedly save a lot of expenditure. If efficiency is to promote more expensive. Design blow for primarily through the crank rod-spring system fighting, it is low cost and simple structure, small footprint, ease of.
Kinetic energy to the air, it is not as hydraulic oil, it will be because of the increasing load compression, load reduction and expansion. It mainly depends on the load changes in the size, only to the crackdown, increasing the hammer head-body quality, neglect load size, the same difficulties caused Hammers return of adverse factors. In the electrolytic process, pneumatic sheller cutting system is always dust, temperature, magnetic field strong adverse environment, electrolytic aluminum heat transfer liquid, direct thermal radiation causing premature seal the emergence of crack, performance sclerosis. Summer high temperature lubricants for leakage, evaporation, winter indoor and outdoor temperature, air water easily precipitate, floating in tanks, loss of lubrication, always in a state of dry friction, therefore, in such adverse conditions, overcome these features.
The design includes: spring design, time-domain analysis, electrical design and deceleration drive the design, lubricating device design, and so on.
目 录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
引言 1
1 机构的方案设计 2
1.1课题的设计目的 2
2.2设计的参数和功能要求 2
1.2.1铝电解槽 2
1.2.2电动打击器的要求 3
1.2.3电动打击器的设计性能参数 3
1.3机构的方案设计与选择 3
2 弹簧的设计和时域分析 5
2.1弹簧的设计 5
2.1.1选择材料和确定许用应力 5
2.1.2选择旋绕比 5
2.1.3计算钢丝直径 5
2.1.4计算弹簧的中径 6
2.1.5计算弹簧的的圈数 6
2.1.6计算弹簧的自由高度 7
2.1.7弹簧的螺旋角 7
2.1.8弹簧的节距 7
2.1.9弹簧的稳定性计算 7
2.1.10弹簧的长度 7
2.1.11弹簧实际性能参数 7
2.1.12弹簧的工作图 7
2.2时域分析 8
3 冲击锤和钳口滑块的尺寸设计 14
3.1冲击锤 14
3.2钳口滑块 14
4 电动机的选择及电动机的计算 16
4.1传动类型的确定 16
4.2传动路线的设计确定 17
4.3动力机的选择依据 18
4.4电动机的功率计算 18
4.5电机的校核 22
5 减速传动机构零部件计算 23
5.1大小圆锥齿轮的设计计算 23
5.1.1选取材料 23
5.1.2根据齿面接触强度初步确定参数 23
5.1.3验算齿根弯曲疲劳强度校核 24
5.1.4确定齿轮的参数 25
5.1.5确定齿轮的制造精度 25
5.2高速轴的设计 25
5.2.1选轴的材料 25
5.2.2确定轴的最小直径..
