精密传动系统机电耦合建模及实验研究(本科毕业论文设计).doc
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精密传动系统机电耦合建模及实验研究(本科毕业论文设计),摘要伴随着微电子技术、计算机技术和控制技术的迅速发展,微特电机在国民经济各个领域中得到广泛的应用;另外随着新的设计方法和加工技术的不断涌现,精密传动系统的精度也在不断提高,在一些复杂机电系统中还是关键的一个环节。可见特种电机和精密传动系统都在各自领域内都取得了长足的进步,因而对特种电机与精密传动系统的耦合关系的研究有重...
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摘 要
伴随着微电子技术、计算机技术和控制技术的迅速发展,微特电机在国民经济各个领域中得到广泛的应用;另外随着新的设计方法和加工技术的不断涌现,精密传动系统的精度也在不断提高,在一些复杂机电系统中还是关键的一个环节。可见特种电机和精密传动系统都在各自领域内都取得了长足的进步,因而对特种电机与精密传动系统的耦合关系的研究有重要的现实意义:提高整个驱动系统的控制精度、响应速度和稳定性,另外对两者的设计和选用也一定的参考价值。本论文主要开展了以下几个方面的工作:
(1)在分析了复杂机电系统机电耦合形式的基础上得出了复杂机电系统全局耦合分析的基本思路:首先,通过对耦合事实的提取建立机电系统的耦合模型,然后对模型进行解耦、求解。随后论述了机电系统基本元件方程、机电系统基本回路方程和机电系统耦合模型的建立方法。最后,分析了机电系统耦合模型进行求解常用的两种方法:传递函数法和状态空间法。
(2)论文主要依据机电系统全局耦合分析的思路展开,从机电耦合的角度对特种电机(以交流伺服电机为例)和精密传动系统(以精密减速器为例)的机电耦合因素进行了分析。
(3)基于前面对机电系统模型建模和求解的方法,建立了典型精密传动系统的简化模型和传递函数。随后用拉格朗日-麦克斯韦方程推导了交流永磁同步电机在三相静止坐标系下的电压数学模型及相应的运动方程。
(4)根据前面建立的交流永磁同步电机和传动系统的模型,通过坐标变换实现了电机方程的解耦,由解耦的电机方程生成电机的控制框图,然后根据控制框图在Matlab/Simulink环境下分别搭建了电机和传动系统的仿真模型,分别对电机和传动系统进行了仿真,得到一定的结论。
关键词:PMSM,精密传动系统,机电耦合,耦合模型
ABSTRACT
Micro-special motors have been widely applied in various fields of national economy along with the rapid development of micro-electronics, computer and control technology; at the same time, the transmission accuracy of precision driving system has been improving constantly due to the appearance of various new design methods and processing technology, and it is still a key link in complex electromechanical system. As can be seen that micro-special motors and precision driving system have improved greatly under separate circumstance, so the research of coupling relationship between micro-special motors and precision driving system has important practical significance. The following works have been done:
(1) When the coupling models of complex electromechanical system were discussed, the fundamental way of electromechanical coupling can be summarized as following: First was to build the coupling model on the basis of extracting the coupling factors, then to decouple and resolve. Second was to discuss the basic ways of building the coupling model, including the fundamental element equation and loop equation of electromechanical system. And at last, two ways of resolving the coupling models were analyzed: transfer function and state space method.
(2)This paper mainly analyzed the electromechanical coupling factors between micro-special motors(e.g.PMSM) and precision driving system(e.g.precusion reducer) in terms of electromechanical coupling.
(3)The simplified models and their transfer function were achieved according to the previous modeling and solving methods of the electromechanical system. Then the mathematical model of PMSM in three-phase coordinate was derived according to the lagrange-maxwell equation.
(4)Decouple the equation of PMSM through coordinate conversion according to the models built previously. Then the control block was acquired on the basis of the decoupled models.The PMSM and transmission system were simulated in Matlab/Simulink according to their models mentioned above, and certain conclusions were achieved.
Keywords: PMSM, Precision transmission System, Electromechanical Coupling,
Coupling Model
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
目 录 III
1 绪论 1
1.1 问题的提出及研究意义 1
1.2 复杂机电耦合问题的国内外研究现状 2
1.3 论文的主要内容和结构 3
2 永磁同步电机及精密传动简介 5
2.1 永磁同步电机 5
2.2 精密传动 6
2.2.1 传动的基本构成工作原理 7
2.2.2 传动的基本工作原理 7
3 机电耦合实验台的设计 9
3.1 伺服电机的选择 9
3.1.1 伺服系统的分类 9
3.1.2伺服电机的确定 10
3.2采样频率的确定 12
3.3位移检测元件的选定 13
3.3.1旋转变压器 13
3.3.2感应同步器 15
3.3.3光电编码器 15
3.3.4光栅传感器 16
3.4 精密传动系统及负载的选定 17
3.5 实验台系统硬件的组成 18
3.6 数据采集、处理部分的设计 19
4 传动系统和交流伺服电机的数学模型及仿真 21
4.1 机械传动系统的动力学模型 21
4.1.1 定轴传动机构的模型 21
4.1.2 齿轮传动机构的模型 22
4.1.3 丝杆螺母机构的模型 24
4.1.4 不能忽略阻尼时传动系统的模型 24
4.2 伺服电机的数学模型 25
4.3 MATLAB软件简介 28
4.4 交流伺服电机的仿真 28
4.4.1 PMSM的数学模型的变换 28
4.4.2 PMSM在两相静坐标系下的数学模型 28
4.4.3 交流伺服电机的状态及控制框图 33
4.4.4 交流伺服电机的仿真分析 34
4.5 传动系统仿真 37
5 机电耦合分析过程及仿真 40
5.1 复杂机电系统的耦合形式 40
5.2 机电耦合分析的过程 40
5.2.1 机电系统基本元件方程 41
5.2.2 机电系统基本回路的方程 43
5.3 机电系统耦合模型的建立方法 44
5.3..
伴随着微电子技术、计算机技术和控制技术的迅速发展,微特电机在国民经济各个领域中得到广泛的应用;另外随着新的设计方法和加工技术的不断涌现,精密传动系统的精度也在不断提高,在一些复杂机电系统中还是关键的一个环节。可见特种电机和精密传动系统都在各自领域内都取得了长足的进步,因而对特种电机与精密传动系统的耦合关系的研究有重要的现实意义:提高整个驱动系统的控制精度、响应速度和稳定性,另外对两者的设计和选用也一定的参考价值。本论文主要开展了以下几个方面的工作:
(1)在分析了复杂机电系统机电耦合形式的基础上得出了复杂机电系统全局耦合分析的基本思路:首先,通过对耦合事实的提取建立机电系统的耦合模型,然后对模型进行解耦、求解。随后论述了机电系统基本元件方程、机电系统基本回路方程和机电系统耦合模型的建立方法。最后,分析了机电系统耦合模型进行求解常用的两种方法:传递函数法和状态空间法。
(2)论文主要依据机电系统全局耦合分析的思路展开,从机电耦合的角度对特种电机(以交流伺服电机为例)和精密传动系统(以精密减速器为例)的机电耦合因素进行了分析。
(3)基于前面对机电系统模型建模和求解的方法,建立了典型精密传动系统的简化模型和传递函数。随后用拉格朗日-麦克斯韦方程推导了交流永磁同步电机在三相静止坐标系下的电压数学模型及相应的运动方程。
(4)根据前面建立的交流永磁同步电机和传动系统的模型,通过坐标变换实现了电机方程的解耦,由解耦的电机方程生成电机的控制框图,然后根据控制框图在Matlab/Simulink环境下分别搭建了电机和传动系统的仿真模型,分别对电机和传动系统进行了仿真,得到一定的结论。
关键词:PMSM,精密传动系统,机电耦合,耦合模型
ABSTRACT
Micro-special motors have been widely applied in various fields of national economy along with the rapid development of micro-electronics, computer and control technology; at the same time, the transmission accuracy of precision driving system has been improving constantly due to the appearance of various new design methods and processing technology, and it is still a key link in complex electromechanical system. As can be seen that micro-special motors and precision driving system have improved greatly under separate circumstance, so the research of coupling relationship between micro-special motors and precision driving system has important practical significance. The following works have been done:
(1) When the coupling models of complex electromechanical system were discussed, the fundamental way of electromechanical coupling can be summarized as following: First was to build the coupling model on the basis of extracting the coupling factors, then to decouple and resolve. Second was to discuss the basic ways of building the coupling model, including the fundamental element equation and loop equation of electromechanical system. And at last, two ways of resolving the coupling models were analyzed: transfer function and state space method.
(2)This paper mainly analyzed the electromechanical coupling factors between micro-special motors(e.g.PMSM) and precision driving system(e.g.precusion reducer) in terms of electromechanical coupling.
(3)The simplified models and their transfer function were achieved according to the previous modeling and solving methods of the electromechanical system. Then the mathematical model of PMSM in three-phase coordinate was derived according to the lagrange-maxwell equation.
(4)Decouple the equation of PMSM through coordinate conversion according to the models built previously. Then the control block was acquired on the basis of the decoupled models.The PMSM and transmission system were simulated in Matlab/Simulink according to their models mentioned above, and certain conclusions were achieved.
Keywords: PMSM, Precision transmission System, Electromechanical Coupling,
Coupling Model
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
目 录 III
1 绪论 1
1.1 问题的提出及研究意义 1
1.2 复杂机电耦合问题的国内外研究现状 2
1.3 论文的主要内容和结构 3
2 永磁同步电机及精密传动简介 5
2.1 永磁同步电机 5
2.2 精密传动 6
2.2.1 传动的基本构成工作原理 7
2.2.2 传动的基本工作原理 7
3 机电耦合实验台的设计 9
3.1 伺服电机的选择 9
3.1.1 伺服系统的分类 9
3.1.2伺服电机的确定 10
3.2采样频率的确定 12
3.3位移检测元件的选定 13
3.3.1旋转变压器 13
3.3.2感应同步器 15
3.3.3光电编码器 15
3.3.4光栅传感器 16
3.4 精密传动系统及负载的选定 17
3.5 实验台系统硬件的组成 18
3.6 数据采集、处理部分的设计 19
4 传动系统和交流伺服电机的数学模型及仿真 21
4.1 机械传动系统的动力学模型 21
4.1.1 定轴传动机构的模型 21
4.1.2 齿轮传动机构的模型 22
4.1.3 丝杆螺母机构的模型 24
4.1.4 不能忽略阻尼时传动系统的模型 24
4.2 伺服电机的数学模型 25
4.3 MATLAB软件简介 28
4.4 交流伺服电机的仿真 28
4.4.1 PMSM的数学模型的变换 28
4.4.2 PMSM在两相静坐标系下的数学模型 28
4.4.3 交流伺服电机的状态及控制框图 33
4.4.4 交流伺服电机的仿真分析 34
4.5 传动系统仿真 37
5 机电耦合分析过程及仿真 40
5.1 复杂机电系统的耦合形式 40
5.2 机电耦合分析的过程 40
5.2.1 机电系统基本元件方程 41
5.2.2 机电系统基本回路的方程 43
5.3 机电系统耦合模型的建立方法 44
5.3..