镁合金封闭模压拉伸试样模具设计及试样性能检测（本科毕业论文设计）.doc

摘要

节能降耗、提高性能是现代机械努力发展的方向，镁合金是最轻的商用金属结构材料，与现在市场上常用的钢材和铝合金相比，具有比重小、价格低、比强度高、阻尼减振性能突出等优点。
镁合金的加工方法也是多种多样的，其中以铸造、挤压、锻造为主。铸造镁合金有组织不致密、偏析、容易产生热裂纹和氧化皮等缺点，不利于用于性能要求比较高的工件。通过挤压、锻造等工艺生产出的镁合金产品，比铸造材料具有更高的强度、更好的延展性、更多样化的力学性能，可以满足高强度结构件的需求。
本课题以镁合金挤压－模锻复合工艺为基础，应用数值模拟等手段，分析了镁合金拉伸试样在封闭模压过程中的金属流动情况，并根据模拟结果进行了模压工艺和模具设计，然后进行了镁合金拉伸试样模压成形，对模压试样进行了拉伸检测，对比分析了AZ61镁合金试样铸态、挤压、挤压-锻造前后性能的变化。


关键词：镁合金,模具设计,数值模拟,拉伸实验

















Abstract

Oil consumption reduction and performance enhancement have become the development trend of the machine. In comparison with most widely used aluminum alloys and steels, magnesium alloys are the lightest commercialized metallic material for structural applications. Mg alloys possess the attractive properties desired by a lot of machines, such as low density, low cost, higher specific strength, good casting properties, out-standing damping capability.
The manufacture process of Mg alloy is various, major represented by casting, extrusion and forging. The casting of Mg alloy has some defaults, such as the structure is sparse, partial divide easy to cause hot crack and cause oxidation peel, not suitable for the samples function which is strictly required. However, by extrusion and forging process to produce magnesium alloy products has more power and hardness than the casting materials, and it also has better scalability and more diversified mechanical properties to meet the more demand of the structure.
Subject to the Mg alloy extrusion - forging complex process based on numerical simulation, and other means of a magnesium alloy tensile specimen in a closed molding process in the flow of metal, and in accordance with the results of the simulation process and die design molded And then proceed to the tensile specimens molded magnesium alloy forming, molding a tensile test specimen, comparative analysis of the sample of magnesium alloy AZ61-cast, squeeze, squeeze - forging performance before and after the change.




Key words: magnesium alloy, die design，numerical simulation，tensile test







目 录

中文摘要 .Ⅰ
英文摘要 Ⅱ
1绪论 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 镁合金的优点 1
1.3 镁合金的应用 3
1.4 镁合金塑性成形技术现状及发展趋势 4
1.4.1镁合金挤压与轧制技术 4
1.4.2 镁合金热锻成形技术 4
1.5 本课题研究的主要内容和目的 5
2 数值模拟 6
2.1 引言 6
2.2 Deform简介 7
2.3 DEFORM的功能 7
2.4 数值模拟过程 8
2.5 模拟结果及分析 9
3拉伸试样模具设计与制造 13
3.1工艺对比 13
3.2 坯料的设计及生产 14
3.3 锻件图的设计 15
3.4 模具设计 16
3.4.1 计算各部分的工艺参数 16
3.4.2 毛坯在模具中的位置 17
3.4.3 凹模的设计 17
3.4.4 模具总体设计及UG模型 18
3.4.5 加热装置的设置 21
3.4.6 选择吨位装备 22
4 拉伸实验 23
4.1 序言 23
4.2 实验材料及方法 23
4.1.1 实验材料 23
4.1.2 实验设备 23
4.3 断裂的基本概念及分类 24
4.4 实验结果及分析 25
5 结论 29
致 谢 30
参考文献 31