轻轨牵引电机试验台的研究与设计（本科毕业论文设计）.doc

摘 要

随着轨道交通的迅速发展，牵引电机的广泛应用，电机的维修工作日益受到有关部门的重视。为了保证电机的检修水平，在大修时应进行性能试验。本论文所研究和设计的牵引电机性能试验台就是为某市轻轨列车用牵引电机做性能测试试验的专用设备。
论文以GB/T1032－2005《三相异步电动机试验方法》、某市轻轨的实际情况及要求以及其它相关标准为依据，完成了牵引电机性能试验台平台的结构设计、计算机测试系统硬件设计以及测试软件的开发等工作。论文对牵引电机的结构和工作原理作了详细分析，在对目前常用的电机测试方法进行分析比较后，采用带传感器的自动测试系统作为本试验台的测试方法，并给出了其测试原理和数学模型。从测控系统设计的一般模式出发，对试验台的计算机测试系统进行了总体设计，对硬件进行选型，并从硬件方面采取了多项措施来增强系统的抗干扰能力。采用面向对象的编程语言Visual Basic 6.0进行测试软件开发，利用串行通信控件MSComm控件实现了上位机与下位机之间的通信、自动采样测量和数据处理；与Microsoft office产品结合，实现了实时数据和历史数据的存储以及试验报表的设计、预览和打印。
本论文所研究和设计的牵引电机性能试验台，满足了功能要求，达到了测试精度，解决了某市轻轨建设中的实际问题，为以后此类设备的设计提供了借鉴作用。


关键词：轻轨，牵引电机，试验台，性能测试

ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of rail transportation, and the extensive application of traction motor, its repair work has already received increasing attentions. To ensure the repairing quality, it must undertake performance experiments. The study and design of the traction motor performance test-bed are provided in this paper. It is a special device which is used to carry out performance experiments and serve the traction motor of trains in Chongqing light rail.
Based on the design gists, such as the test procedures for three-phrase induction motors (GB/T1032-2005) , Chongqing light rail’s actual situation and requests and other correlative standards, the structure design of platform, hardware design of co- mputer testing system and software exploitation of the traction motor performance test-bed are given in this paper. Firstly, the structure and operational principles of the traction motor are analyzed in detail, and then motor testing methods that are popular presently are compared. The method of the automatic testing system with sensor has been regarded as the one suitable for our test-bed and its testing principium and mat- hematical model have been provided. Then, starting in the general design model of measuring and controlling system, this paper has put forward the collectivity design of the computer measuring system of the test-bed and done something to strengthen the anti-jamming ability of the system. This paper has used Visual Basic 6.0, Object Oriented program language, to exploit the software and realized the communication between host computer and sensors through MSComm control with automatically sampling, measuring and processing data. The software combines the Visual Basic 6.0 and Microsoft office products to design, preview and print the experimentation reports and realize the storage of real-time and historical data.
The traction motor performance test-bed studied and designed in this paper has satisfied the function requests, achieved anticipative effect and solved the actual problems during the building of Chongqing light rail. It also gives references to the design of such kind of device.


Keywords: Light rail, traction motor, Test-bed, Performance measuring


目 录

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题背景介绍 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 3
1.3 课题研究的目的和意义 5
1.4 本论文主要研究内容 6
2 牵引电机性能试验台的测试原理及方法 7
2.1 直流牵引电机工作原理 7
2.1.1 直流牵引电机的基本结构 7
2.1.2 直流电动机的工作原理 7
2.2 牵引电机性能测试方法 8
2.2.1电阻测定实试验 8
2.2.2 温度测试 9
2.2.3振动测试 11
2.2.4空载试验…………………………………………………… ……… …………… …….12
3 牵引电机性能试验台结构设计 13
3.1 牵引电机性能试验台的总体要求及设计原则 13
3.1.1 试验台总体要求 13
3.1.2 试验台结构设计原则 15
3.2 牵引电机性能试验台结构设计 16
3.2.1 牵引电机性能试验台组成 16
3.2.2 控制台、柜 17
3.2.3 测试平台 17
4 测试系统硬件设计 18
4.1 测控系统设计的一般模式 18
4.2 测试系统总体设计 20
4.2.1 测试系统工作流程 20
4.2.2 测试系统方案设计 21
4.2.3 测试系统主要硬件选型 22
4.2.4 测试系统抗干扰设计 27

5 测试系统软件设计 28
5.1 工业过程测控应用软件功能模块分析 28
5.2 测试系统软件的总体设计 29
5.2.1 软件开发平台及运行环境 29
5.2.2 软件功能模块划分 30
5.3 测试系统界面设计 31
5.3.1 系统登录 31
5.3.2 主界面 31
5.4测试系统软件的程序设计 33
5.4.1 数据采集模块 33
5.4.2 数据存储模块 37
5.4.3 报表打印模块 39
5.4.4 软件抗干扰设计 40
6 结 论 42
致 谢 43
参考文献