轻合金盘状零件铸造模具优化设计（本科毕业论文设计）.doc

摘 要

本文主要研究离心铸造模具设计、数值模拟以及模具优化。对成形工艺设备和盘状件的成形工艺方法进行研究，运用三维建模软件建立盘状零件三维模型，然后根据零件设计出相关模具，而后运用对成形过程的温度场、充型特征进行数值模拟的研究，为成形零件的模具设计作指导，进而对模具进行优化。
本次设计模具的零件是一种在径向上材料产生梯度分布的刹车盘，通过对各种铸造方法进行比较，最终方法确定为离心铸造。因为离心铸造具有比其它铸造方法生产功能梯度材料零件无法比拟的优势。
根据环状零件的结构特征和离心铸造成形的工艺特征，运用UG三维建模软件实现了环状零件成形模具的设计； 运用Procast数值模拟软件对成形过程的温度场分布进行了研究，结果表明环状零件从外径到铸件心部的温度实现梯度逐渐变化，铸件实现了顺序凝固；对三种不同模具温度的铸件凝固过程的温度变化进行了研究，结果表明温度越高铸件凝固所需时间越长；运用先进CAD/CAE模具先进设计技术，初步实现了成形环状零件的模具设计，达到了预期要求。


关键词：梯度分布，盘状件，离心铸造，数值模拟












ABSTRACT

This paper mainly researches mould design of centrifugal casting， numerical simulation and mould optimization. Researching attachment for formation process and disc-like parts’ technique ， 3D model building is used to build disc-like parts’ 3D model， and then design the coherent model according to the part ，then the temperature field and the feature of filling up the cavity are used to research the numerical simulation ，in order to guide the model design of the part ，then optimize the model.
The part of this model design is a braking discoid which material generate graded distribution in radial. Comparing with many casting method ，the method is determined to centrifugal casting .Because the centrifugal casting has many advantages that other casting methods can’t compare.
According to the structure of the ring-like parts and the process feature of centrifugal casting foring, three-dimensional model building software UG is used to design the forming model of ring-like parts; the numerical simulation software Procast is used to research the distribution of forming process’ temperature field,the result indicates that the temperature of ring-like parts generate graded distribution from outside diameter to the core of the cast and the cast realizes progressive solidification ;the change of the cast freezing process’ temperature under three different model temperatures is researched , the result indicates that the temperature higher ,the cast freezing’s time the more;the model advanced technology CAD/CAE is used to realize the design of the ring-like parts’ froming model and reaches the expected requirements.


Keyword: Graded distribution， disc-like parts， centrifugal casting， numerical simulation


目 录

摘 要 ……………………………………………………………………..Ⅰ
ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………….Ⅱ
1 绪论 …………………………………………………………………….1
1.1 引言 …………………………………………………………………...1
1.2 离心铸造及功能梯度材料概述…………………………………………………………….2
1.2.1 离心铸造……………………………………………………………………………….2
1.2.2 功能梯度材料………………………………………………………………………….2
1.2.3 功能梯度材料的制备方法…………………………………………………………….3
1.3 数值模拟……………………………………………………………………………………...4
1.4 课题的研究目的及意义……………………………………………………………………...5
1.4.1 课题的研究目的…………………………………………………………………...…..5
1.4.2 课题的研究意义……………………………………………………………………….5
1.5 课题的研究任务…………………………………………………………………………..…..5
2 模具设计……………………………………………………………………………………..6
2.1 工艺及模具结构初步分析…………………………………………………………………...6
2.1.1 零件成形工艺性分析………………………………………………………………….6
2.1.2 确定浇注位置和分型面……………………………………………………………….7
2.1.3 确定铸造工艺参数…………………………………………………………………….7
2.1.4 浇注系统的设计……………………………………………………………………….9
2.2 模具设计………………………………………………………………………………….....15
2.2.1 铸件型腔的设计……………………………………………………………………...15
2.2.2 模具型腔设计………………………………………………………………………...16
2.2.3 模具外部结构设计…………………………………………………………………...17
2.3 三维实体建立……………………………………………………………………………….19
3 数值模拟……………………………………………………………………………………….20
3.1 模拟过程前处理………………………………………………………………………...20
3.2 数值模拟预处理条件设置……………………………………………………………...22

4 结论……………………………………..