全铝发动机缸体耐磨处理工艺研究（本科毕业论文设计）.doc

摘 要

全铝发动机缸体耐磨处理工艺有很多种，主要有电镀和化学镀、激光处理、等离子处理、氧化处理等。本文主要研究了采用硬质阳极氧化处理来提高全铝发动机缸体的耐磨性。
文章主要介绍了该硬质阳极氧化实验的准备工作，包括缸体的制备、试验仪器的准备、装夹装置、实验材料的准备和工艺流程的确定；电解液配方的确定；工艺参数的确定及影响；氧化性能的检测和一些氧化机理等。
该试验选用CG150缸体，缸体镶套部分材料为YL12，而缸体部分材料为YL112。该试验选用两种电解液配方，通过比较得出试验优选的电解液配方为：硫酸 150～240g∕L，乳酸12～24 g∕L，草酸8～16 g∕L，甘油50 g∕L，氧化膜表面硬度HV0.01达到349。并通过大量的试验研究了工艺参数如电流密度、时间、温度等对氧化陶瓷层厚度、硬度等的影响，并确定它们最佳参数值。检测缸体的氧化性能，包括缸体的外观、厚度、硬度、摩擦系数、二次加工、台架强化等性能。通过强化试验得到缸体的失效时间为46小时。并在文章的最后提出了试验的改进方向：可以通过改善氧化陶瓷的表面摩擦系数，例如采用自润滑硬质阳极氧化技术降低膜层摩擦系数；进一步改善膜层的表面光洁度，最好达到镜面效果。或者采用Ni基复合电镀的方式进行缸体表面处理等。


关键词：全铝发动机缸体，耐磨处理工艺，硬质阳极氧化，电解液，台架强化














ABSTRACT

There are many processes to improve the wear-resistant of aluminum cylinder engine, such as: electroplating and chemical plating, laser treatment, plasma processing, oxidation process and so on. Using of hard anodizing to increase the wear-resistance of the aluminum cylinder engine has been reported in this paper.
The preparatory work of the hard anodizing has been mainly introduced in this paper, including the preparation of the cylinder, the ready of testing equipment, clamping devices, the decision of the laboratory materials and preparations for the identification process. The electrolyte formula, process parameters, and the identification impact of the performance testing have been also confirmed. The mechanism of hard anodizing has been discussed in this paper.
We have selected CG150 cylinder as test sample. The materials of the cylinder sets of inserts are YL12, and the materials of the cylinder is YL112. Two optional formula of electrolyte have been adopted in this paper. By comparing with these two electrolyte formula ,the optimization of the electrolyte formula in this test is in the follows: sulfuric acid 150 ~ 240 g / L, lactate 12 ~ 24 g / L, oxalate 8 ~ 16 g / L, glycerol 50 g / L. With this optional electrolyte, the hardness of the surface oxide film can reach HV0.01349. The parameters of influencing hardness and thickness of the oxide ceramic such as current density, anodizing time and temperature have been studied largely. And then the best parameters have been determined.. We have been detected the cylinder performance, including the cylinder appearance, thickness, hardness, friction coefficient, secondary processing, and bench strengthen. The results of cylinder strengthen test show the failure time is 46 hours. At last, the improvement directions were proposed in this paper, including improving the surface of ceramic friction coefficient, such as using self-lubricating hard anodizing film technology to reduce friction coefficient; improving the film's surface finish to achieve the best mirror effect, or using nickel-based composite Plating to treat cylinder.


Key words：Aluminum Cylinder Engine，Process of Wear-resistant，Hard Anodizing，Electrolyte，Bench Strengthen



目 录

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1前言 1
2试验准备 8
2.1 缸体的制备 8
2.2 试验设备 8
2.3 装夹装置 9
2.4 试验材料 10
2.5 工艺流程 10
3电解液的配方 11
4工艺参数的确定及工艺参数对氧化的影响 13
4.1 电流密度的影响 13
4.1.1电流密度对电压的影响 13
4.1.2 电流密度对陶瓷层厚度的影响 15
4.1.3电流密度对陶瓷层硬度的影响 15
4.2 电解液温度的影响 15
4.2.1 电解液温度对陶瓷层硬度的影响 15
4.2.2电解液温度对终电压的影响 16
4.3 时间的影响 16
4.3.1时间对陶瓷层厚度的影响 16
4.3.2时间对终电压的影响 16
4.4 电解液浓度的影响 17
5氧化性能检测 18
5.1 外观质量 18
5.2厚度测试 19
5.3摩擦系数测试 20
5.4硬度测试 21
5.5二次加工 21
5.6台架强化试验及其结果分析 22
5.6.1台架强化试验结果 22
5.6.2失效的原因分析 22
5.6.3以后改进的方向 24
6 关于硬质阳极氧化的一些探讨 25
6.1 硬质阳极氧化原理 25
6.2硬质阳极氧化法工艺要求 25
6.2.1锐角倒圆 25
6.2.2表面光洁度 26
6.2.3零件尺寸的余量 26
6.2.4专用夹具 26
6.2.5局部保护 26
6.3硬质氧化工艺流程 27
7结论 28
参考文献 29