数控激光切割机切割工艺研究（精密切割）（本科毕业论文设计）.doc

摘 要

激光切割与传统的切割方法相比，具有高速、高效、高精度和高适应性的特点，同时还具有割缝细、切割面质量好、切割时无噪声无辐射、加工成本低、切割过程容易实现自动化控制等优点。激光切割钢板时，不需要使用模具，它可以替代一些需要采用大型复杂模具的冲切加工方法，从而大大缩短了生产周期并降低了成本。
由于我国激光工业基础较差，激光加工技术的应用尚不普遍，激光加工整体水平与先进国家相比仍有较大差距。然而激光切割加工广阔的应用市场，加上现代科学技术的迅猛发展，使得国内外科技工作者对激光切割技术进行不断深入研究，推动着激光切割技术的不断向前发展。
本文首先介绍了激光技术的发展和加工特点，以及激光切割在国内外的研究现状与发展趋势，同时论述了课题选题的背景以及研究的目的和方法，介绍了实验条件，以便探求实用的激光二维切割加工工艺参数。
本文还详细介绍了激光切割的基本原理及加工特点，分析了激光精密切割质量的影响因素。并介绍了计算机辅助工艺设计割流程和切割机床的工艺过程，对在加工中遇到的一些问题做了阐述。设计零件并针对具体的零件分析激光切割的工艺过程，运用了正交实验设计的方法设计实验并进行了分析计算，初步得到了切割质量的回归方程，然后进行了切割参数优化。从理论上和大量的试验结果中，深入分析研究了影响激光切割加工的相关物理参数和工艺参数，包括：激光器功率大小、辅助气体压力和切割速度，对加工过程和切割质量的影响。
本文还对得出的切割质量的回归方程进行了统计检验，使得回归方程在实际加工中得到了验证，对以后的切割加工具有一定的指导意义。



关键词：激光切割 参数优化 回归方程 工艺参数 切割质量









ABSTRACT

Laser cutting compare with the traditional cutting methods,with the characteristics of a high-speed, high efficiency, high precision and high adaptability , and also offers narrow kerf, nice cutting-quality, without cutting noise and radiation, low processing costs,easily automated control and so on. Laser cutting platewithout using a mold, it can replace some of the need for a large complex die punching processing methods, thus greatly shortening the production cycle and reduce costs.
Because China's poor industrial base of laser, laser processing technology applications is not yet universal, laser processing and the overall level compare with advanced countries are still larger gap. However, laser cutting wide application market, coupled with the rapid development of modern science and technology , science and technology workers at home and abroad makes laser cutting technology for the continuous in-depth study, a laser cutting technology to promote the laser processing technology constant development.
This paper first introduced the development of laser technology and processing characteristics, and laser cutting at home and abroad of the status quo and development trend of the topics discussed topics at the same time the background and the purpose of the study and methods, introduced the experimental conditions, in order to explore practical laser Two-dimensional cutting process parameters.
This article also described in detail the basic principle of laser cutting and processing characteristics of the laser precision cutting and quality of factors. And introduced a computer-aided design of cutting processes and the process of cutting machine tools, in the processing of some of the problems encountered is also described. Design-specific parts and components of the laser cutting process, the use of the orthogonal experimental design of experiments designed and analyzed, initially find the regression equation of cutting the quality and then proceed to optimize the cutting parameters. In theory and a large number of test results, in-depth analysis of the impact of laser cutting of the relevant physical parameters and technical parameters, including: laser power size,the assistant gas pressure and cutting speeds to the influeence of cutting quality.
This paper also aims at the regression equation of cutting quality for the statistical test, making the regression equation in the actual processing which has been verified, after the cutting of a certain guiding significance the future cutting.


Kerwords:laser-cutting,optimize-parameters,regression-equation,process-parameters,
cutting quality






























目 录

中文摘要...........................................................Ⅰ
ABSTRACT...........................................................Ⅱ
1绪论...............................................................1
1.1 引言............................................................1
1.2 激光切割技术研究现状及发展趋势......................................2
1.2.1 国外研究现状................................................2
1.2.2 国内研究现状................................................3
1.2.3 激光切割技术的发展趋势........................................3
1.3 本课题的选题背景、目的和研究方法.......................................4
1.3.1 本课..