新型双齿条齿轮大功率大扭矩扭振振动台（机械及基础系统设计）（本科毕业论文设计）.doc

摘 要

随着科学技术的发展，机械设备的功率越来越大。对于零件可靠性的要求也越来越高。通过测试零件的振动特性，疲劳特性等是评价零件可靠性的客观依据，但其所对应试验平台的发展相对滞后。特别是大功率大扭矩、多功能、综合试验平台的研究，国内还处于起步阶段。
新型双齿条齿轮大功率大扭矩扭振振动试验平台是用来对零件进行疲劳试验、动态刚度、动态阻尼等性能测试的多功能试验平台。它可以为零件的设计提供准确而且完备的设计依据，并对最终产品的性能予以评估。对机械零件的性能、寿命进行测试和分析,可以为产品设计与质量评价提供可靠的科学依据,缩短产品的开发周期和提高产品质量。因此对本试验台相关技术的研究具有特别重要的意义。
本文设计了一种新型双齿条齿轮大功率大扭矩扭振振动试验平台，其核心部件是齿轮齿条机构。文中首先从传统的设计方法入手，设计出系统的各个零件；其次，运用Pro/ENGINEER参数化建模思想，准确建立系统的三维模型，并对齿轮齿条进行运动仿真。通过对位移曲线、速度曲线和加速度曲线的分析，了解了齿轮齿条机构的运动规律；最后，运用ANSYS有限元分析软件，对齿轮齿条进行结构分析。通过对位移变形云图的分析，得出轮齿位移变形最大位置在轮齿端部（齿宽方向上）的结论。通过对应力分布云图的分析，得出应力最大值在齿根部位的结论。


关键词： 齿轮齿条，大扭矩，仿真，静力分析


ABSTRACT

With the scientific and technological development, mechanical equipment of the power is increasing. Parts of the reliability requirements are also getting higher and higher. It is the dist which tests the parts of vibration performance and fatigue behavior. But their corresponding test platform for the development has lagged behind. Especially, the research of high-power and high torque, multi-functional, comprehensive test platform, it’s the initial stage of China.
A new vibration generator of dual rack-and-gear with high power and high torque is a comprehensive experimental platform used to test fatigue, stiffness, resistance and so on. It can provide precise and general gist for the parts’ design and verify the performance of the final products. The testing and analysis of mechanical transmission system’s performance and life provides reliable scientific evidence for product design. Besides, quality eva luation shortens product development cycles and upgrades product quality. So the test bed technology related research is of great significance.
In this paper, design a new dual rack-and-gear vibration table with high-power and high torque, which core components is the rack-and-pinion. First, design the various parts of the system by the traditional design methods. Second, using the Pro/ENGINEER parameters modeling thinking to create accurate three-dimensional model of the system and simulate the rack-and-pinion. At the same time, we can obtain the law of the rack-and-pinion movement by analyzing the curve of movement. The last, using the ANSYS software analyze the gear and the rack. Through the location of deformation of the analysis, it’s a conclusion that the largest deformation location of gear tooth is at the end of the tooth (along the tooth width direction). At the same time, the largest stress is in the bottom of gear tooth.


Key words：Rack-and-pinion, High torque, Simulation, Static analysis

目 录

摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 绪论 1
1.1论文的选题背景与意义 1
1.2系统设计 1
1.3论文主要研究内容 3
1.4本章小结 3
2 方案比较 4
2.1引言 4
2.2螺旋机构的优缺点 4
2.3齿轮齿条机构的优缺点 4
2.4曲柄摇杆机构的优缺点 4
2.5方案比较结论 5
2.6本章小结 5
3 零件设计 6
3.1齿轮参数及结构设计 6
3.1.1齿轮参数设计 6
3.1.2确定齿轮参数 6
3.1.3齿根弯曲疲劳强度校核 7
3.1.4齿轮结构设计 9
3.1.5齿轮润滑方式的选择 10
3.2齿条参数及结构设计 10
3.2.1齿条尺寸设计 10
3.2.2齿条结构设计 11
3.3轴的结构设计 11
3.3.1轴直径的初步估算 11
3.3.2轴的结构设计 12
3.3.3键的强度校核 13
3.3.4轴的受力分析 14
3.4轴承选型校核 14
3.4.1轴承受力分析 14
3.4.2轴承校核 15
3.4.3轴承润滑方式的选择 15
3.5轴承座结构设计 16
3.6箱体设计 16
3.7套筒设计 17
3.8本章小结 17
4 三维建模、运动仿真和结构分析 18
4.1 系统三维建模 18
4.1.1零件三维建模 18
4.1.2系统三维装配模型 22
4.2 齿轮齿条的运动仿真 23
4.2.1定义运动机构 23
4.2.2运动仿真及结果分析 26
4.3 主要零件结构分析 28
4.3.1齿轮结构分析 28
4.3.2齿条结构分析 33
4.3.3轮齿鼓形修形与齿端修缘量 38
4.4本章小结 39
5 结论与展望 40
5.1论文的主要工作和结论 40
5.2展望以及改进 40
参考文献 42
致 谢 43