压缩机异响识别（本科毕业论文设计）.doc

中文摘要

进入 21 世纪以来，伴随着汽车的大量普及，汽车工业得到了迅猛发展，汽车空调也越来越多的受到人们的关注，作为汽车空调的心脏——压缩机也得到了飞速的发展。旋叶式压缩机装车后，当空调系统开启时，发现车内出现了异响现象，影响了汽车的乘坐舒适性，为了减少异响对汽车车内噪声的影响，必须准确识别出异响原因及部位，为改进及其控制作必要的准备。

本文通过德国HEAD-ArtemiS便携式噪声测试系统对正常压缩机和异响压缩机进行了声压的测试，并对4000r/s时正常压缩机和异常压缩机时域、频谱和自相关对比分析，根据其工作原理，我们猜测异响是由压力脉动引起的，接着对声压和压力脉动、压力脉动异常段和异响段做相干分析，得出异响是由压力脉动引起的；在对比分析中，还发现了出现五强五弱现象的压缩机成为异响机的概率比较大；由于实验室协调问题，课题异响部位识别实验做不了。最后是主观评价实验，选取六个噪声样本，采用成对比较法，20个主观评价主体分别打分，统计打分结果，用office自带的Excel软件分别对主观评价结果（包括女性人群和男性人群）和响度、尖锐度、波动度和粗糙度进行线性回归分析；结果响度、尖锐度和主观评价结果相关性非常好，表明可以用客观参数响度、尖锐度来代替主观评价。


关键词：压缩机异响；识别；压力脉动；主观评价。












ABSTRACT

With the popularization of the motorcar, the automobile industry has developed very quickly since 21st century, and the automobile air conditioner gets more and more public’s attention. As the “heart” of the automobile air conditioner, the compressor has much rapid development too. After loading Rotary vane compressor,When turning on the air-conditioning system,find abnormal sound inside the car.impact the Comfort of motor vehicles,In order to reduce the impact of abnormal sound for the noise inside the car.We must accurately identify the reasons and site for abnormal sound.
Using portable type noise testing soft(HEAD-ArtemiS) of German to test the normal and abnormal sound compressor.When the speed for 4000r/s，we analysised time domain、frequency spectrum、auto correlation of normal compressor and abnormal compressor，According to its principle，We speculated the abnormal sound is caused by the pressure fluctuation；then we make the sound pressure and pulse pressure、the abnormal pressure pulse and abnormal sound to the coherent analysising，we aggregate that the abnormal sound is caused by the pressure fluctuation. In contrast analysis，we also found the probability of compressor that appearance the top five and weak five become abnormal compressor is very large. As laboratory coordination，subject that identify the site of abnormal sound can not do. Finally it is subjective appraisal experiment, selected six noise sample，used geminate comparison test, 20 subjective appraisal people rate respectively, statistics rate results，with the software office carrying the software Excel carries on the linear regression analysis to the results of subjective appraisal (Including female and male crowd crowd) and loudness、sharpness、roughness、fluctuation strength;the results is the relevance of loudness、sharpness and subjective measure results is very good,it indicate we can replace the subjective eva luation with objective parameters.



Key words: compressor;abnormal sound; identification; pressure fluctuation, subjective eva luation.


目录
中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 绪论 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 本课题的重要性和意义 1
1.3 国内外研究现状 2
1.4 本课题的研究内容及目的 4
2 旋叶式压缩机 5
2.1 旋叶式汽车空调压缩机基本结构及工作原理 5
2.1.1基本结构 5
2.1.2工作原理 5
2.2噪声产生机理 6
2.2.1压缩机噪声的分类 6
2.2.2机械噪声 6
2.2.3空气动力性噪声 7
2.3 本章小结 10
3 压缩机异响分析 11
3.1 实验工况、测点布置及测试系统 11
3.1.1实验工况 11
3.1.2测点布置 11
3.1.3测试系统 12
3.2 测量结果分析 12
3.2.1正常压缩机和异响压缩机时域对比 12
3.2.2正常压缩机噪声信号分析 13
3.2.3异响压缩机异响信号分析 14
3.2.4异响过渡段分析 16
3.2.5异响机正常段分析 18
3.2.6对比分析 18
3.3 压力脉动异常段和异响段分析 19
3.3.1采集信号 19
3.3.2信号分析 19
3.4 异响压缩机规律分析 23
3.5 实验方案 25
3.6 本章小结 26
4 压缩机异响主观评价 27
4.1 心理参数基本理论 28
4.1.1人耳的听觉特性 28
4.1.2心理声学参数 28
4.2 主观评价试验 31
4.2.1噪声样本的采集 32
4.2.2主体选择及培训 32
4.2.3试验方法 32
4.2.4试验场地 33
4.2.5试验数据及分析处理 33
4.3 本章小结 39
5 结论 1
致谢 42