液压铣动力头结构设计（本科毕业论文设计）.doc
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液压铣动力头结构设计（本科毕业论文设计）,摘要 铣削动力头是机床加工的重要部件，铣削头由铣削主轴和动力机构两部件组成。铣削头可以配置两种传动装置，即齿轮装置和皮带装置，在此设计中，为了减少整个铣削头的重量和简化结构采用齿轮传动，由于铣削是不连续的，而且在一定的铣削宽度上同时铣削的刀齿是变化的，因而会引起震动，这是铣削的最大特点，因此，在铣削头的结构上，必须使主...
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摘要
铣削动力头是机床加工的重要部件，铣削头由铣削主轴和动力机构两部件组成。铣削头可以配置两种传动装置，即齿轮装置和皮带装置，在此设计中，为了减少整个铣削头的重量和简化结构采用齿轮传动，由于铣削是不连续的，而且在一定的铣削宽度上同时铣削的刀齿是变化的，因而会引起震动，这是铣削的最大特点，因此，在铣削头的结构上，必须使主轴和主轴箱等具有足够的强度，并要求适当提高传动系统的传动平稳性，主轴部件结构直接影响铣削头的精度，刚度以及热变性。这个设计主要论述了关于铣削动力头的设计过程，包括方案论述、电机选择、参数设计、传动方案的选取、材料选择、液压滑台的设计计算等内容。设计以动力头的转速和进给速度作为标准，结合现有的机床动力头和零件进行设计的，使设计的铣削动力头尽量达到实用化，合理化。根据设计要求，主铣削头速度可调，由于设计中齿轮是一级齿轮，考虑到传递的扭矩和功率较小，所以采用变速三相异步电动机，用变速三项异步电动机驱动。切削进给采用液压滑台，滑台轨道采用直线性轨道，使整个铣削头在水平方向上沿导轨运动。从而完成铣削加工 。
关键词：铣削头，液压滑台，电动机，主轴
ABSTRACT
Milling head is the important parts of milling machine processing, milling head composed of two parts by milling spindle and dynamic institution. Milling head can configure the two drives installation, the devices is gear and belt devices, in this design, in order to reduce the weight of the milling head and a drive to simplify the structure used gear, so the milling is not continuous, but in some milling , milling tooth is changing on the width of the knife at the same time, which will cause shock. That is the biggest characteristic of milling. Therefore, the structure of the milling head must improve spindle and spindle box have sufficient strength, requested to increase the smooth transmission of the transmission system , structural components of spindle direct influence on the accuracy of the milling head , stiffness and thermal denaturation. This design main discuss on the milling head of the design process, Including on the expositions of programme, motor selection, design parameters of spindle, the drive for selection, choice of material, hydraulic slider calculation of the design elements. According to the speed and power head feed rate as a standard designed，combine the existing power head of machine tools and parts for the first dynamic design, the design of the first milling head s far as possible to practical use and rationalize. According to the design requirements, the main milling head adjustable rate, due to the design of gear is stair gear, taking into account the torque and power transmission smaller, so use a three-phase asynchronous motor speed, with three speed asynchronous motor drive. Cutting feed use of hydraulic slipway, guides use of a linear track, so that the whole milling head in the direction of movement along the guides. Thus completing milling.
Keywords：Milling head，Hydraulic slipway，Motor，Spindle
目 录
中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1绪论 1
1.1 铣削动力头的发展现状 1
1.2本设计的目的和意义 2
2 总体方案设计 3
2.1动力机方案设计 3
2.2传动机构方案设计 3
2.3主轴方案设计 3
2.4滑台机构方案设计 3
2.4.1滑台机构运动类型的选择 3
2.4.2液压缸的方案设计 4
3电动机的分类与选择 5
3.1电动机分类 5
3.2电动机的选择 8
4主轴设计计算 9
4.1传动齿轮的计算 9
4.1.1确定传动比 9
4.1.2传动装置的运动及参数计算 9
4.1.3主轴的计算 11
4.2主轴部件结构设计 12
4.3主轴部件要求 13
4.4主轴的布局 15
5动力滑台的设计 16
5.1滑台传动方式的比较和选取 16
5.2滑台体参数确定 17
5.2.1液压滑台主要技术性能的确定 17
5.2.2滑台液压缸的设计计算 17
5.3液压滑台工作循环 20
5.4液压滑台的结构 22
5.5液压滑台的导轨设计 23
5.5.1导轨的作用和要求 23
5.5.2导轨的结构设计 23
5.5.3选择材料选择 25
总结 26
参考文献 27
铣削动力头是机床加工的重要部件，铣削头由铣削主轴和动力机构两部件组成。铣削头可以配置两种传动装置，即齿轮装置和皮带装置，在此设计中，为了减少整个铣削头的重量和简化结构采用齿轮传动，由于铣削是不连续的，而且在一定的铣削宽度上同时铣削的刀齿是变化的，因而会引起震动，这是铣削的最大特点，因此，在铣削头的结构上，必须使主轴和主轴箱等具有足够的强度，并要求适当提高传动系统的传动平稳性，主轴部件结构直接影响铣削头的精度，刚度以及热变性。这个设计主要论述了关于铣削动力头的设计过程，包括方案论述、电机选择、参数设计、传动方案的选取、材料选择、液压滑台的设计计算等内容。设计以动力头的转速和进给速度作为标准，结合现有的机床动力头和零件进行设计的，使设计的铣削动力头尽量达到实用化，合理化。根据设计要求，主铣削头速度可调，由于设计中齿轮是一级齿轮，考虑到传递的扭矩和功率较小，所以采用变速三相异步电动机，用变速三项异步电动机驱动。切削进给采用液压滑台，滑台轨道采用直线性轨道，使整个铣削头在水平方向上沿导轨运动。从而完成铣削加工 。
关键词：铣削头，液压滑台，电动机，主轴
ABSTRACT
Milling head is the important parts of milling machine processing, milling head composed of two parts by milling spindle and dynamic institution. Milling head can configure the two drives installation, the devices is gear and belt devices, in this design, in order to reduce the weight of the milling head and a drive to simplify the structure used gear, so the milling is not continuous, but in some milling , milling tooth is changing on the width of the knife at the same time, which will cause shock. That is the biggest characteristic of milling. Therefore, the structure of the milling head must improve spindle and spindle box have sufficient strength, requested to increase the smooth transmission of the transmission system , structural components of spindle direct influence on the accuracy of the milling head , stiffness and thermal denaturation. This design main discuss on the milling head of the design process, Including on the expositions of programme, motor selection, design parameters of spindle, the drive for selection, choice of material, hydraulic slider calculation of the design elements. According to the speed and power head feed rate as a standard designed，combine the existing power head of machine tools and parts for the first dynamic design, the design of the first milling head s far as possible to practical use and rationalize. According to the design requirements, the main milling head adjustable rate, due to the design of gear is stair gear, taking into account the torque and power transmission smaller, so use a three-phase asynchronous motor speed, with three speed asynchronous motor drive. Cutting feed use of hydraulic slipway, guides use of a linear track, so that the whole milling head in the direction of movement along the guides. Thus completing milling.
Keywords：Milling head，Hydraulic slipway，Motor，Spindle
目 录
中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1绪论 1
1.1 铣削动力头的发展现状 1
1.2本设计的目的和意义 2
2 总体方案设计 3
2.1动力机方案设计 3
2.2传动机构方案设计 3
2.3主轴方案设计 3
2.4滑台机构方案设计 3
2.4.1滑台机构运动类型的选择 3
2.4.2液压缸的方案设计 4
3电动机的分类与选择 5
3.1电动机分类 5
3.2电动机的选择 8
4主轴设计计算 9
4.1传动齿轮的计算 9
4.1.1确定传动比 9
4.1.2传动装置的运动及参数计算 9
4.1.3主轴的计算 11
4.2主轴部件结构设计 12
4.3主轴部件要求 13
4.4主轴的布局 15
5动力滑台的设计 16
5.1滑台传动方式的比较和选取 16
5.2滑台体参数确定 17
5.2.1液压滑台主要技术性能的确定 17
5.2.2滑台液压缸的设计计算 17
5.3液压滑台工作循环 20
5.4液压滑台的结构 22
5.5液压滑台的导轨设计 23
5.5.1导轨的作用和要求 23
5.5.2导轨的结构设计 23
5.5.3选择材料选择 25
总结 26
参考文献 27
